Neurogila

(glial cells)

Cell Body

Dendrites

Axons

Central conduction

Insulation with fat

Myelin protected nerve 

Found in the brain and spinal cord

Bring stimuli to cell body

Short; multibranched

Conduct nerve impulses away from cell body

Single, long process

May be covered with myelin

Protects and insulates

Cell membrane of glial cells tightly wrapped around the axon

Found in the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system

Gaps between adjacent glial cells

Speeds up conduction

Brings to

Sensory

Brings away

Motor

Actions under conscious, or voluntary, control

ex: movement of muscles

Controls and coordinates automatic functions

ex: slowing of the heart rate

Specialized molecule that helps maintain cell resting state

Pumps sodium outside

Pumps potassium inside

When outside and inside are level, the cell is at resting state

Sodium channels open

Sodium ions flow into cell by passive diffusion

Inside neuron goes from - to + due to inflow of sodium

Sodium channels close

Potassium channels open

Potassium diffuses out of cell

Resting state is restored

Time period during which a neuron is insensitive to additional stimuli

Cannot be stimulated

Neuron bringing the depolarization wave to the synapse

Releases neurotransmitters

Somatic

Cause reaction

Autonomic

Stop Effects

Somatic 

Can be either inhibitory or excitatory depending on location

Autonomic

Flight or fight

Norepinephrine and epinephrine

Dopamine

Found on postsynaptic membrane

Breaks down acetylcholine

Nicotinin 

Muscarinic