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Details Title: The Nervous System Description: Neurophysiology -- Norman D. sossong Total Flash Cards: 18 Created: 01/24/2006 10:13:57	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term The Nervous System Function Definition 1. Monitor Changes (Sensory input) 2. Interpret Changes (Integration in CNS) 3. Initiate Response ( Motor function or output) Term Nervous System Function: Motor Changes Definition Inside Body Outside Body Term Nervous System Function: Initiate response Definition Muscular Contraction (Musloskeltal system) Gladular Secretion (endocrine System) Term Nervous System Organization Definition 1. Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain Spinal Cord 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Term The Nervous System Functional Classification: Sensory (afferent) Neurons Definition a. Carry information from detectors (receptors ) Term Types of Sensory Dectors Definition a. Special Sense Organs (complex receptors) > vision (eye) > Hearing (ear) > Equilibrium (inner ear) b.Cutaneous Sense Organs (skin) > Pain Receptor > Touch Receptor > Deep Pressure receptor c. Proprioceptors (Muscles and tendons) > Detect stretch or tension Term Motor Neurons Definition a. Carry Impulses from the CNS to the muscles and the glands. Term Types of Motor (efferent) Neurons Definition a. Somatic Nervous System (voluntary) > Carry Impulses to skeletal muscles b. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) > Carries Imulses to the cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, glands > Functional Subdivisions: Sympathetic, Parasympathetic Term Association (Interneuron) Neurons Definition a. Located in the CNS b. Connect motor and sensory neurons c. comprise >99% of the neurons of the body Term Anatony (structure of the cells of the nervous system) a. The neuron (general properties) Definition a. Lose Ability to divide and form new cells after birth (amitotic) > Can Lie under optimal conditions for a lifetime (100 years) > If cell body is destroyed, cell dies > Neuron cannot be replaced b. Able to conduct nerve impulses c. Number in body = n x 10^9, where n>1 d. High Metabloic rates they die if glucose and oxygen are deprived Term Anatomy of a cell Cell Body Definition Perkaryon Soma Term Anatomy of a cell Neuron Process (or fibers) >>>dendrites<<< Definition 1. Variable Number 2. Conduct impulses toward cell body 3. Never myelinated Term Anatomy of a cell Neuron Process (or fibers) >>>Axon<<< Definition 1. Only one per neuron 2. Conduct impulses away from cell body 3. Generates and conducts and impulse Term Anatonry of a cell Neuron Process (or fibers) >>>Axon branches<<< Definition 1. Collateral (occationally) 2. Teminal (Hundreds to thousands) >Release Neurotransmitters Term Anatomy of a cell Syanptic cleft Definition Tiny gap between axon terminal and next axon Term Anatomy of a Cell Myelin >>>Nature<<< Definition Structure > whitish,fatty materal > Part of a cell wall from supporting cell > Waxy apperance function > Protects and insulates nerve fibers > Increases speed of nerves pulses Term Anatomy of a Cell Myelin >>>Source<<< Definition 1. Schwann Cells (PNS) 2. Oligodendrocytes (CNS) Term The Nervous System Physiology Basic Electrical Principals Definition 1. Oppsite Charges attract each other 2. Energy must be used 3. When opposite charges combine this energy can be used to do work 4. Thus separated electial charges of oppisite sign have potential energy 5. Voltage 6. Potential difference = potential 7. The greater difference in charge between two points the higher the voltage 8. Current is the flow of electrical charge from one point to another.