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The Nature of Matter
2-1
22
Biology
10th Grade
09/22/2009

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Term
atom
Definition
the basic unit of matter
Term
nucleus
Definition
strong forces bind protons and neutrons together to form this in the center of an atom
Term
electron
Definition
a negatively charged particle
Term
element
Definition
a pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
Term
isotopes
Definition
atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain
Term
compound
Definition
a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions
Term
ionic bond
Definition
formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another, between metals and nonmentals
Term
ions
Definition
positively and negatively charged atoms that form from an ionic bond
Term
covalent bond
Definition
forms when electrons are shared between atoms
Term
molecule
Definition
the smallest unit of most compounds
Term
van der Waals forces
Definition
the slight attraction of oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules
Term
cohesion
Definition
an attraction between molecules of the same substance
Term
adhesion
Definition
an attraction between molecules of different substances
Term
mixture
Definition
a material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined
Term
solution
Definition
all the components are evenly distributed throughout it
Term
solute
Definition
the substance that is dissolved
Term
solvent
Definition
the substance in which the solute dissolves
Term
suspensions
Definition
mixtures of water and non-dissolved material
Term
pH scale
Definition
indicates the concentration of H+ ions in the solution
Term
acid
Definition
any compound that forms H+ ions in solution
Term
base
Definition
a compound that produces hydroxide (OH-) ions in solution
Term
buffers
Definition
wake acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH
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