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The Great Gatsby Research
N/A
15
English
11th Grade
10/15/2009

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Term
Fitzgerald's Early Life
Definition

born in 1896 in st. paul Minnesota

-mothers name is molly.

-he had a very pampered childhood

-had two sisters who died at childbirth

-mother was the daughter of the reverend -fitzy was very proud of heritage

-family moved to New York, then lost money and moved back to St. Paul

-in school, he strived to be popular

-he got his first work published in high school at 13

-16 years old: attended private school in New Jersey

-went to Princeton college and met a professor who motivated him

-he enrolled in the army, but war never happened

Term
Fitzgerald’s literary career
Definition

-career began at Princeton

-he wrote for the Princeton tiger, the school publication

-he dropped out the army before he ever went to war

-he wrote his first book that got rejected, then rejected again, then accepted uner the name “this side of paradise”

-his career took off after that book

-also wrote about the jazz age in “the great Gatsby” which was not a success until after his death

-also wrote “the beautiful and the damned”

-he had a lot of money but he feared the new life which he wrote about in “the beautiful and the damned” -wrote about flappers and philosophers and tales of the jazz age -also wrote “all these sad men”

-didn’t write for a while after alcohol problems

Term
Fitzgeralds’s adult life and Marriage
Definition

-life was wasted and early death

-engaged to Zelda sare who was a “southern bell”

-zelda broke off marriage and then back on when he got famous

-known for their partying but got in huge fights

-lived beyond their means, in lots of debt

-had a daughter named “Scotty” -moved to france where he wrote “the great Gatsby”

-went into debt with his wife’s illness and his daughter’s too

. -he had a mental collapse and began his alcoholism

-got back on his feet but not for long,

-died at 44 of heart attack in 1940

-zelda had an affair in france, which didn’t help relationship

Term
Zelda Fitzgerald
Definition

-born in Montgomery, Alabama in 1900, youngest of 6 children

-spoiled by parents

-met fitzy at station, sent love letter which he used in his books

-when he got published, she married him

-they partied and spent money, they were “socialites”

-became flappers -inspired characters for fitzy’s writing

-tried artistic expression but had a mental breakdown and had to stay in hospitals for the rest of her life died in 1948-was in a sanitorium and locked in a room when the mental hospital caught fire and she burned to death

-wrote book called “save me the waltz” in 1932 about her relationship but fitzgerald stole most of her ideas

Term
Fitzgerald’s relationship with Ernest Hemingway
Definition

-unconventional and short friendship

-began in paris in 1925 when fitz was 28 and hemingway was 25

-fitz was already a published writer, but hemingway was only a little published

-fitz decided to take him under his wing and help his career but heminway didn’t return the love -vocal in his dislike of Zelda

-strongest part of relationship relationship was 1925-1926 -hemingway continued the attacks and there are letters from his publicist that hemingway would gossip was fitz

-hemingway wrote “sun also rises” about fitz

-they were frenemies -there were rumors that they were gay together, terrified zelda

Term
Automobile
Definition

• Impacted society:

o 1893—first American automobile manufacturing company: Duryea wagon company

o 1902—Old motor vehicle company “Ods mobile”

o 1902—Ford—Cadillac—popular

o Winton Motor Carriage Company—popular

o Wealthy, status, fun, racing o Life developed around cars

o Brick roads layered with asphalt

o Drive-in movies o New jobs—little pay

o Few traffic regulations

Term
Fashion
Definition

• Drastic clothing change

• Younger women wore short skirts, slits, easy to dance in

• Low-cut dresses, tight-fitted shirts

• Jean Patou—designer—2 piece shorts / slits, sportswear

• Elsa Schiaparelli—tunics to modern fashion

o Simple, elegant gowns

•Men:

o Sacque suit—big o More colors of suits / shirts / silk ties with patterns

o Bowler hats o Black patent leather pants

o Knicker-bockers—low shorts, big pockets

o Jazz clothing in, then out of style quickly

o Shoes—laced up, 2 toned

Term
Women’s Suffrage
Definition

• Inferior to men • Suffragists:

1. Susan B. Anthony

o Tried to vote in the 1872 Pres. Election

o Susan B. Anthony Amendment

2. Lucy Stone o Merged with Susan to create: 1869—National American Women’s Suffrage Association

3. Elizabeth Caddy Stanton o You know, she was there and stuff

• All three rallied

• 13 states in west, 2 in east granted women’s suffrage (portray values)

• 19th Amendment of 1919

• Tennessee—1920—last to give suffrage

Term
!920's entertainment
Definition

• Louie Armstrong, Duke Ellington, George Gushwan

• TV: Winnie the Pooh, Betty Boop, Mickey Mouse

• Charlie Chaplin:

o Silent movie actor

o Idle Class, A Woman in Paris, The Kid

• Oct. 1927 Warner Bros first movie

• 1st Miss America Contest 1921

• Magic—Popular—Houdini

• First radio broadcast 1920

Term
1920s and Stock Market
Definition

• Demand for jobs (good) little pay (not good)

• Goods that they were manufacturing were too expensive for ordinary people to buy

• Made too much stuff, overlay, people fired

• Black Thursday—Oct 24, 1929

o Everyone sold their stocks

o Stocks went down in value the next day

o Black Tues—Oct. 29, 1929

• Led to Great Depression

• Stock Market Crash

• Housing Market was bad

Term
Jazz Age
Definition
•    1920-1929
•    change in entertainment after WWI
•    Warren Harding President: 1921
•    Refusal to face responsibility
•    Died from heart attack in 1923
•    Coolidge continues inactivity
•    Americans can do anything
•    Things are exotic and extravagant
•    Comedy is popular
•    Dress/style is different
•    End of Puritanism
•    Beginning of promiscuous identities
•    Less strict society
•    Smoking and dancing clubs
•    Jazz began in New Orleans among Africans Americans
•    Spread from Chicago, to New York and then west coast
•    Music is made for dancing
•    Scared older generations
•    Term “jazz age” coined by Fitzgerald
Term
NYC/Roaring 20s
Definition
•    Aspects of 1920s magnified in NYC
•    Great things but negative also like the KKK
•    Harlem renaissance
•    Africans move north into Harlem after the civil war
•    African literature, art, music and dance are evolving
•    Many Europeans also immigrate to NYC
•    Henry ford mass produced the car
•    Cities built up with skyscrapers
•    Most famous in NYC Empire State building
•    Built by Starret Brother and Ekan
•    Architecture is a modernization of past styles
•    Prohibition
•    Many speakeasies (100,000)
Term
The American Dream
Definition

•    Coined by James Adams
•    Write short book on America called “Epic of America”
•    Says every citizen can improve their lives in any way
•    Priority of Americans to keep the dream alive
•    American dream present before term coined
•    Shown on Statue of Liberty by the quote about giving me your dirty and poor immigrants
•    Stems from declaration of independence and the first amendment (life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness)
•    Common idea throughout settlement
•    America provides you with more opportunities than other nations
Term
1920s “Secret Society”
Definition

•    Upper class form society to rule supreme
•    Shut themselves off from society
•    Restricted in terms of membership
•    Areas in Long Island are good and others are bad
•    Sans point= good desirable area with old money
•    Great Neck=celebrities, not desirable
•    Society reflected in story “Diamond as Big As the Ritz”
•    Want to keep wealth secret so they kill whoever comes near the diamond
•    Intricate family connections and power
•    Old rich
•    Wealth = happiness
•    Materialistic ideology
•    Society causes Americans to think that this society will lead to corruption and the downfall of society
•    Also thought that they have power but they left behind moral values
Term
Prohibition
Definition

•    Federal amendment 18th January 1919
•    Prohibit alcohol and all processes concerned with it
•    Temperance societies call for limits on alcohol
•    Anti Saloon league of America founded by Howard Russel
•    Use religion and scare tactics
•    1916 23/48 states had already passed some type of antiliquor laws
•    Hoover called it a great social and economic expansion
•    Dry=supporters of prohibition
•    Wet=against prohibition
•    Alcohol consumption drop 33%
•    Legal alcohol for medicinal purposes was expensive and limited
•    Could get illegal alcohol from bootleggers in black market
•    Alcohol more available to rich and not policed for them at all
•    Little done by government to enforce law
•    Repealed in 1933 as 21st amendment  under Roosevelt
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