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The Energy of Waves
Holt Science and Tech: Sound and Light, Ch. 1
26
Science
7th Grade
03/22/2012

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Term
wave
Definition
any disturbance that transmits energy
Term
medium
Definition
a substance through which a wave can travel - a solid, liquid, or gas
Term
mechanical wave
Definition
a wave that needs to travel through a medium
Term
vacuum
Definition
the absence of matter
Term
electromagnetic wave
Definition
a wave that can travel through a vacuum
Term
types of mechanical waves
Definition
water, sound, seismic
Term
types of electromagnetic waves
Definition
light, x-ray, radio, microwave
Term
transverse wave
Definition
a wave who's particles travel perpendicular to the wave
Term
longitudinal wave
Definition
a wave who's particles travel parallel to (in the same direction as) the wave.
Term
crest
Definition
the high point of a transverse wave
Term
trough
Definition
the low point of a transverse wave
Term
rarefaction
Definition
the part of the longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart
Term
compression
Definition
the part of a longitudinal wave where the particles are pushed together
Term
surface wave
Definition
a wave that forms at the boundary between two media where a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave combine
Term
amplitude
Definition
the height of a wave
Term
wavelength
Definition
the distance between two crests of a wave
Term
frequency
Definition
the number of waves in a certain amount of time
Term
wave speed
Definition
the speed of an individual wave, calculated by multiplying frequency and wavelength
Term
reflection
Definition
when a wave bounces back after hitting a barrier
Term
refraction
Definition
when a wave bends as it enters a new medium
Term
diffraction
Definition
when waves bend around a barrier or through an opening
Term
interference
Definition
when two wave overlap
Term
constructive interference
Definition
when two the crest of two waves overlap and create a larger wave
Term
destructive interference
Definition
when the crest of one wave and the trough of another overlap and flatten out
Term
standing wave
Definition
when a wave is vibrating so fast that it appears to be standing still
Term
resonance
Definition
when one vibrating object transfers to another object (like an opera singer shattering a glass)
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