Term
|
Definition
| Stands for a great deal in our culture: considered the successor to religion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The application of science to various tasks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Knowledge expressed in a clear form. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| knowledge used as a spur to action must me this in light of appropriate evidence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Knowledge used as a spur to action must me this in the way that it fits the question raised. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Staple of human understanding; bears a respectable relationship to evidence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plays an inescapable role in scientific analysis because all efforts at inquire proceed from some personal interest or other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Those pretending this have done damage to the cause of social science to the point at which their research conceals opinions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mind in never so clever or mysterious as in the exercise of this. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| May embody the lessons learned from a long, often unhappy, experience with reality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Names for things, feelings, and ideas generated or acquired by people in the course of relating to each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A name for something that is thought to influence or be influence by a particular state of being in something else. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relates to counting the presence or absence of a thing and differences of quality as they are captured in categories. |
|
|
Term
| Continuous quantification |
|
Definition
| Variation along a continuum; age is an example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not something we choose to do or not to do; Inherent in every analytic discussion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Measurement of a variable is said to be reliable if it produces the same result when different people use it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A measure is this if is does what it is intended to do; the closer a quantified measure comes to reflecting the concept. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sentence of a particularly well cultivated breed, the purpose of which is to organize a study. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The prior step to hypotheses formation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The object of science; relationships between variables, established by hypothesis formation and testing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Technique that seeks to test thoughts against observable evidence in a disciplined manner, with each step made explicit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to repeat a study as a way of checking on its validity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The necessary partner of realism; a set of related propositions that suggest why events occur in the manner that they do. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A particular ordering of reality in terms of theoretical interest. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Red meat" for philosophers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Science prefers to operate in this less lofty region that can be checked by some one else. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of study that collects information about a situation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of study that examines connections between things. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of turning concepts into usable variables |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The sum of the social connections, norms, and social trust the we get from group activity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A peculiar notion that occurs in webs of mutually modifying conditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used to convey an implication of greater order and system in a theory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A larger frame of understanding shared by a wider community of scientists, that organizes smaller scale theories & inquiries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Few of these exist in social science. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Building theory through the accumulation and summation of a variety of inquiries: reasoning from specific to general. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using the logic of a theory to generate propositions that can the be testes: reasoning from general to specific. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A variable that influences another variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The variable that is being influenced. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An additional independent variable that influences changes in the dependant variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hypothesis that posits that there is no relationship betwee the variable being tested. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substitution of one variable for another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A way of dealing with difficult variables by dividing them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Classifications of variables: Direction, location, intensity, stability, latency, salience. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aspects of variables that do not limit consideration to mere classification. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Level of measurement that refers to the classification of things. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Level of measurement that operates along a continuum; indicates variation as opposed to simple classification. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Level of measurement in which units can be identified that indicate how far each case is from each other case. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not present in Interval measures; where the number zero has meaning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Level of measurement where zero is True Zero and is meaningful. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Zero is made up for the sake of convenience and has no meaning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The likelihood or chance of something occurring. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| establishing this with a set of results constitutes an important test of the hypothesis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sample drawn according to probability theory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Trying to reproduce a large population by representing important characteristics proportionally in the sample. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Selecting at random a sufficient sample of the population in order to reproduce the characteristics of the total population. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When no real attempts at randomization or stratification are made. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Establishing this between two or more variables gets at the central objective of the scientific enterprise. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Things such as the median, the average, and the standard deviation that can be employed effectively in association. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A statistical description of the association between variables. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A correlation statistic that denotes whether the association is positive or negative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The strength of a correlation expresses by the size of the number on a range from zero to +1 or -1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Summarizes how far the actual distribution of data deviates from a distribution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient; used in interval and ratio measurements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Meant to characterize the impact of variables on each other; adds a new level of sophistication to these characteractions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A relationship between variables |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Regressions that involve more than one variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Units used to compare regression coefficients between variables. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A standardized regression coefficient that results from a variable for which scores concentrate around the average. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Multiple correlation statistic: reports he correlation between a group of ind. Variables and dep. Variables. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| indicates the proportion of the variation in the dependent variable explained by the group of dependent variables. |
|
|
Term
| Probit and Logit analysis |
|
Definition
| A form on analysis designed to deal with dichotomous dependent variables. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| That universe of facts, data, and techniques that can be verified with observational methods and work techniques. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A perspective on factuality integrated by the sense in which we understand these things. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Has something to do with how we act on the modes of our knowing and the occasions for behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| There has been recent interest in these studies that try to capture a much larger proportion of the reality being studied. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The major fields of scientific inquiry are dominated by groups of scientists and tied together by a network of knowledge. |
|
|
Term
| Conformist Social Explanation |
|
Definition
| There is a natural psychological pressure toward this in all human activity as well as scientific inquiry. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A master-apprentice like system with a significant pressure towards the perpetuation of established viewpoints. |
|
|
Term
| Participatory Action Research |
|
Definition
| retains spirit of soc. Scientific inquiry while opening it up to expand its usefulness to people and generate creative solutions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Science can be radical in a social sense and a personal sense as well. |
|
|
