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the cold war begins
chapter 17
42
Social Studies
8th Grade
02/19/2012

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Term
Yalta Conference
Definition
(1945) Meeting of U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt, British prime minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin during World War II to plan for the postwar world
Term
Potsdam Conference
Definition
(1945) Meeting of U.S. president Harry S Truman, British prime minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin after Germany's surrender in World War II, at which they divided Germany into four zones of occupation.
Term
United Nations
Definition
(UN) International organization chartered in 1945 to resolve conflicts between nations.
Term
Nuremberg Trials
Definition
(1945) War crimes trials of high-ranking Nazi officials held by the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany.
Term
Harry S Truman
Definition
president in april 1945 after roosevelt died
Term
Containment
Definition
U.S. foreign policy followed during the Cold War that sought to prevent the expansion of Soviet communism.
Term
Cold War
Definition
Global power struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union that lasted from 1945 to 1991.
Term
Truman Doctrine
Definition
(1947) President Harry S Truman's policy stating that the United States would provide economic aid to any country fighting against communism.
Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
U.S. program of giving aid to European countries to help them rebuild their economies after World War II.
Term
Berlin Airlift
Definition
(1948) Joint effort by the United States and Britain to fly food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blocked off all ground routes to the city.
Term
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Definition
(NATO) Military alliance formed in 1949 by the United States and 11 other countries to help defend each other in case of attack.
Term
George C. Marshall
Definition
Had helped plan the D-Day invasion in World War II, became the U.S. secretary of state in 1947
Term
Capitalism
Definition
an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, especially as contrasted to cooperatively or state-owned means of wealth.
Term
democracy
Definition
A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
Term
freedom
Definition
The power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.
Term
individualism
Definition
The habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant
Term
socialism
Definition
A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole
Term
totalitarianism
Definition
a from of government that is tyrannical, those in power use force or intimation to control others.
Term
equality
Definition
The state of being equal, esp. in status, rights, and opportunities
Term
collectivism
Definition
The theory and practice of the ownership of land and the means of production by the people or the state
Term
GI Bill of Rights
Definition
(1944) Servicemen's Readjustment Act, which offered veterans education benefits and loans for houses, farms, and businesses.
Term
United Mine Workers
Definition
(UMVV) Union of coal mine workers that went on strike in 1946
Term
Taft-Hartley Act
Definition
(1947) Law that gave the federal government greater authority to end strikes and required union leaders to take an oath stating that they were not Communists.
Term
Dixiecrats
Definition
Members of the States' Rights Party; formed in the 1940s by southern Democrats who were upset with President Harry S Truman's support for civil rights.
Term
Fair Deal
Definition
Series of reform programs proposed by President Harry S Truman.
Term
Long March
Definition
(1934) Retreat of Chinese Communists to escape destruction by the Chinese Nationalist army.
Term
Long March
Definition
(1934) Retreat of Chinese Communists to escape destruction by the Chinese Nationalist army.
Term
thirty-eighth (38th) parallel
Definition
Line of latitude that separates North Korea and South Korea.
Term
blacklisting
Definition
Refusing to hire a person; common action toward suspected Communists during the 1950s.
Term
House Un-American Activities Committee
Definition
(HUAC) Congressional committee created in 1938 to investigate U.S. citizens accused of communist activities.
Term
Internal Security Act
Definition
(1950) Law requiring registration of suspected communist groups and granting the government power to arrest anyone suspected of disloyalty during national emergencies.
Term
McCarthyism
Definition
Method of making vicious accusation without offering proof; named after Senator Joseph McCarthy
Term
Army-McCarthy hearings
Definition
Televised hearings in the1950s of the U.S. Senate's investigations into Senator Joseph McCarthy's charges that Communists were in the U.S. military.
Term
Harry S Truman
Definition
became president after roosevelt died in april of 1945
Term
george c marshall
Definition
general who helped plan the d day invasion and became the u.s. secretary of state in 1947
Term
john l. lewis
Definition
united mineworkers union president who called for a strike in november and only ended the strike after receiving a 3 million dollar fine
Term
Mao Zedong
Definition
in 1934 HE led a national chinese nationalist army and they had to retreat to northwest china. this escape became known as the long march.
Term
Douglass MacArthur
Definition
military header who helped make a U.S.-style constitution for japan.
Term
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Definition
the republican nominated general for the presidential election in 1952 and he won with a 55% of the popular vote
Term
Alger Hiss
Definition
the person who was convicted to spying for the soviet union in 1948 and he was a former state department officer
Term
Julius and Ethel Rosenburg
Definition
in 1951 were put on trial for spying. they were found guilty of giving manhattan project info to the russians. but man people thought they were just victims of the red scare an they were excited in june of 1943
Term
Joseph McCarley
Definition
he helped stir up cold war fears. in February 1950 he told an audience "this is the time for the showdown between the democratic world and the communist world" he blamed the spread of communism on the tartars in the U.S government
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