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THE CELL
ALL ABOUT CELLS
35
Biology
10th Grade
05/11/2012

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Term
Cell Theory
Definition
1.      :  States that all living things are made up of Cells.
Term
Eukaryote Cell
Definition

1.      : A cell containing a membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

Term
Prokaryote Cell
Definition

1.      : Cells that do not have membrane bound nucleus or membrane bound organelles.

Term
Cell Membrane 
Definition

     Membrane that seperates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. Lipid bilayer is insoluble in water.

Term
Osmosis
Definition
Movement of liquid molecules through a semi-permeable membrane.
Term
Diffusion
Definition
A type of passive transport involving the movement of small molecules from a highly concentrated area to a less concentrated area.
Term
Active transport
Definition

Movement of substance from a Low to High concentration. 

Term
Passive Transport
Definition

Movement of substances across a membrane without the use of energy.

Term
Equilibrium
Definition
Balance condition in which no net change is occuring.
Term
Concentration Gradient
Definition
When there is an uneven distribution of a substance.
Term
Cilia
Definition
A short microscopic hairlike vibrating cytoskeleton.
Term
Flagella
Definition
Similar to a whip like tail used In locomotion. 
Term
Pseudopodia
Definition
FAKE FOOT.  Fake foot used for cell movement.
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
Maintains and determines cell shape
Term
Ribosome
Definition

Converts Genetic Information into proteins.

Term
Chloroplast
Definition
Where Plants make their Food.
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition

Gel like stucture providing the shape and consistency of the cell.

Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum 
Definition

  Packages proteins inside the cell

Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
Packages proteins/other materials for use outside of the cell
Term
Mitochondria
Definition

Power house of the cell.

Term
Nucleus
Definition
Control Center of the cell
Term
Organelle
Definition

 Specialized structures within a cell

Term
Vacuole
Definition
Stores food, transports unwanted substances in the cell.
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition

1.  Process by which plants make their food.

Term
Cellular Respiration
Definition

Process by which we make our food.

Converts biochemical energy from nutrients to ATP (adenosine triphosphate) then releases waste products.

Term
Product/ reactant Cell. resp.
Definition
GLUCOSE + OXYGEN = CARBONDIOXIDE + WATER+ ENERGY
Term
Carbondioxide
Definition

 product from Cellular respiration

Term
Oxygen
Definition
Reactant for Cellular Respiration
Term
Mitosis
Definition
Type of Cell division that results in 2 identical daughter cells .
Term
Cell Cycle (MITOSIS PROCESS)
Definition

Process of Cell making.

 -Interphase: When the cell synthesizes the DNA

-Prophase: Chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and nuclear envelope disappears.

-Metaphase: Chromosomes become attached to spindle fibers and centralize in the middle.

-Anaphase: Chromosomes move away from one another to opposite sides of the poll.

-Telophase: Nuclear membranes reform.

-Cytokinesis: Cells pinch to form 2 daughter cells.

Term
Chromosomes
Definition

Stucture of DNA and proteins found in cells.

Term
Centriole
Definition
Generate cells cytoskeleton.
Term
Somatic Cell
Definition
Skin cells
Term
 DNA replication
Definition

Occurs in all living organisms and copies their DNA.

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