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The Adolescent
Chapter 6 vocab
31
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
01/20/2011

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Term
self
Definition
a person's personality or nature of which that person is aware
Term
self-concept
Definition
a person's conscious, cognitive perception and evaluation of himself or herself; one's thoughts and opinions about oneself
Term
self-esteem
Definition
a person's impression or opinion of himself or herself
Term
proprium
Definition
the self-identity that is developing in time
Term
ideal self
Definition
the kind of person an individual would like to be
Term
possible selves
Definition
the different selves we envision ourselves becoming
Term
hoped-for selves
Definition
the people we hope to be in the future
Term
expected selves
Definition
teh people we will likely be in the future
Term
feared selves
Definition
the people we are afraid of becoming in the future
Term
self-enhancement thesis
Definition
an explanation for delinquency based on the need for troubled youths to enhance their self-esteem
Term
role strain
Definition
the stress individuals experience when they are faced with competing demands and expectations
Term
narcissism
Definition
the trait of being excessively vain and self-absorbed.
Term
identity diffused
Definition
according to Marcia, those adolescents who have not experienced a crisis and explored meaningful alternative or made any commitments in finding an acceptable identity
Term
foreclosure
Definition
according to Marcia, establishing an identity without search or exploration, usually according to what has been handed down by parents
Term
negative identity
Definition
an identity based on rejecting paternal and societal values
Term
moratorium
Definition
according to Marcia, a period of time in the life of adolescents who are involved in a continual crisis, who continue to search for an identity, and who have not made any commitments.
Term
identity achieved
Definition
according to Marcia, those adolescents who have undergone a crisis in their search for an identity and who have made a commitment
Term
identity control system
Definition
a construct that describes the process of developing an identity
Term
identity standards
Definition
one's beliefs about how one should behave
Term
comparator
Definition
the component of the identity control system that compares one's self-concept with one's identity standards
Term
blended biculturalism
Definition
the state in which one finds the commonalities between one's ethnic and mainstream identities
Term
alternating biculturalism
Definition
the state in which one vacillates between following one's ethnic traditions and those of the cultural mainstream into a new whole
Term
sex
Definition
one's biological endowment as male or female
Term
gender
Definition
the psychological/sociological construct of what it means to be a man or a woman
Term
gender schema theory
Definition
a revised cognitive-developmental approach to gender that emphasizes the effects of labeling, attention, and interest in developing gender beliefs.
Term
gender roles
Definition
the behaviors that are supposedly characteristic of men and women
Term
masculine
Definition
having the personality and behavioral characteristics of a male according to culturally defined standards of maleness
Term
feminine
Definition
having the personality and behavior characteristics of a female according to culturally defined standards of femaleness.
Term
identification
Definition
the process by which an individual ascribes to himself or herself the characteristics of another person
Term
androgyny
Definition
a blending of male and female characteristics and roles
Term
gender identification hypothesis
Definition
the proposal that adolescents feel more pressure than children to behave in gender-stereotypical ways
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