Home > Flashcards > Art/Design > Textiles II

Details Title: Textiles II Description: Final Exam Total Flash Cards: 88 Created: 07/30/2007 10:23:54	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term Name 3 Trade Names for Polyester Definition Fortel Trevira Dacron Term What are the properties of Polyester? Definition Excellent Abrasion Resistance Excellent Tenacity Excellent Resiliency Poor Absorbancy Term Name 3 Trade Names for Nylon Definition Antron Anso Captiva Zeftron Nylon 6,6 Term What are the properties of Nylon? Definition Excellent Abrasion Resistance Excellent Tenacity Excellent Elastic Recovery Poor Absorbancy Term What are the properties of Olefin? Definition Excellent Resiliency Excellent Dimensional Stability Excellent Elastic Recovery Poor Absorbancy Term Name 3 trade names for Olefin Definition Herculon Duraguard Spectra 900 or 1000 Term What are the properties of Acrylic? Definition Moderate abrasion resistance Mod./High elongation Moderate Thermal Retention Poor Absorbancy Term Name 3 Trade names for Acrylic Definition Acrilan Creslan Pil-Trol Term What are the properties of Saran? Definition Chemical & Stretch resistance Good weathering Properties tough / durable fiber excellent recovery good resiliency Term What are the properties of Vinyl? Definition flame retardant Non-water soluble good chemical resistance excellent resistance to biological attadk Term What are the properties of Leather? Definition Durable Stiffened by solvents Stained easily by oils Needs special care and cleaning Term Chemicals such as formaldehyde or melamine are applied to a cloth then heat set to create a variety of finishes such as water repellant, wrinkle resistant, glaze. Definition RESIN FINISH Term The design desired is printed on the fabric with a material which will resist dying. The fabric is then piece dyed washing removes the resisted colorant in the design leaving a white pattern. A different color can be applied in the resist space. Definition RESIT PRINTING Term This weave is usually made of 5,8 or 10 shafts which have the warp yarns float the same number of times above the seft then bound cone before floating again. Definition SATIN Term This weave is usually made of 5,8 or 10 shafts which have the warp yarns float the same number of times above the seft then bound cone before floating again. Definition SATIN Term The edge on either side of awoven or flat knitted fabric. Often different threads and or weaves so finished to prevent raveling. Definition SELVAGE Term A device which carries the weft yarn across the width of the loom Definition SHUTTLE Term The french word means to quilt or to pad. Woven similar to a brocatelle having two warps which in weaving achieves a puckered quilted effect. Definition MATELASSE Term A long white lustrous hair from the angora goat. It is extremely stong and will hold a permanent emboss. Usually seen as a plush pile fabric Definition MOHAIR Term French for watered, a finishing process produces a wavy or rippled pattern on the fabric. Definition MOIRE Term A plain weave strong cotton cloth Definition MUSLIN Term A finishing process in which circular brushes vigorously raise the fiber ends forming a pile-like surface. Definition NAPPING Term A melt-spun manufactured synthetic fiberdevelope in 1928 by DuPont that is stong, abrasion resistant, has excellent elasticity, Is heat set, can hold permanent pleats, is durable, has a gossamer sheen, is machine washable, has a hard gray or tan bead and Definition NYLON Term Melt-spun, manufacturered synthetic fiber made of polymerizether etheylene (an oil derivative). It is strong, abrasion resistant, chemically inert, thermoplastic and static resistant. it is easy to care for but suseptible to oil stains. It has a hard t Definition OLEFIN Term A french word meaning trimming, as in braids, gimp, tassels & cords Definition PASSAMENTERIE Term Raised loops cut interlacings of double cloth or tufts (cut loops) and other erect yarns or fibers deliberately produced on cloth which forms all or part of the surface of the fabric Definition PILE Term A fuzzy ball caused by rolling up of abraded surface fibers Definition PILL Term Extra long staple fiber with a silkky sheen, originall named for the county of orgin in Arizona Definition PIMA COTTON Term Melt-spun manufactured synthetic fiber first introducted in Europe then in the us by DuPont under the name Dacron. It has outstanding resiliency wet or dry, excellent dimensional stability after heat setting, and is the most widely used synthetic. It is Definition POLYESTER Term To upholster or use a fabric by turning it 90 degrees so the vertical warp yarns run horizontally. Definition RAILROAD Term Regenerated Cellulose Fiber Definition RAYON Term The frequency with which a pattern is seen on the width or length of fabric Definition REPEAT Term A synthetic substance used in corrective finishes to add body, reduce creasing, control shrinkage, produce luster in glazing, repel water, or supply permanent press. Definition RESIN Term Melt-spun manufactured synthetic fiber produced from acrylonitrile, it is extruded into warm air or a coagulation bath. Striations on surface of fiber.Itis hot stretched and has a dog bone or lima bean cross-section shape. It primarily used as a staple Definition ACRYLIC Term Process of producing fibers by meling polymer chips and extruding the molten polymers in fiber (filament) form, coagulation occurs by cooling. Definition MELT-SPUN FIBERS Term A type of olefin made from polymerizing propylene Definition POLYPROPYLENE Term produced synthetic polymers made from basic raw materials Definition SYNTHETIC FIBERS Term A fiber finishing step in which a manufactured fiber is elongated after spinning to alter the molecular arrangement within the fiber increasing crystallinity and orientation and resulting in a change in specfic performance properties Definition DRAWING Term Process of forcing the dope or spinning solution through the openings in a spinerette to form a fiber Definition EXTRUSION Term Which has a lower degree of color tranfer a class 2 or a class 4 Definition CLASS 2 Term Which has a higher degree of fading class 1 or class 3 Definition CLASS 1 Term What minumum physical property ratings should an upholstery fabric have? Definition CLASS 3 Brush Pill 50# Warp/Weft Breaking Strength 25# Weft/Warp Seam Slippage Term What minimum physical property ratings should a panel / upholstered wall fabric have? Definition 35# Warp/Weft Breaking Strength 25# Warp/Weft Seam slippage Term What minumum physical property ratings should a drapery fabric have? Definition 25# (W/W) for fabrics over 6oz/sq yd 15# (W/W) for fabrics under 6oz/sq yd Term How many double rubs constitute a heavy duty upholstery rating for each of the two testing methods? Definition Wyzenbeek 30,000 double rubs Martindale 40,000 double rubs Term What is the difference between the Wyzenbeek and Martindale tests? Definition Wyzenbeek - fabric is taut & rubbed in w/w direction with cotton duck Martindale - fabric flat mounted and rubbed in fig. 8 mostion with worsted wool. Term What colorfastness rating should drapery fabric have? Definition CLASS 4 60 hours Minimum Term What minimum colorfastness rating should upholstery fabric have? Definition Dry Crocking - CLASS 4 Wet Crocking - CLASS 3 Term The substance from which acrylic fibers are made Definition ACRYLONITRILE Term The thimble-like nozzle through which the solution is extruded to form a fiber Definition SPINNERET Term a finishing step in the production of leather to prevent rotting of the hide or skin Definition TANNING Term The Outermost layer of leather and includes the grain features of the hide or skin. It is the highest quality of leather removed from a thick hide. Definition TOP GRAIN Term The processed skins of animals, birds, reptiles and fish Definition LEATHER Term A leather that has been brushed or napped to pull fibrils to the surface and create a softer surface and a more matte luster. Definition SUEDE Term Physically changed cellose fibers (wood pulp/cotton linters)though a fiber spinning process remain chemically unchanged. Definition REGENERATED CELLULOSE Term A manufactured regenerated cellulose fiber made froom cotton linters / wood pulp to form a staple or filament fiber that looks like silk but is lower in cost, with high absorbancy, is soft, comfortable, drapes well but wrinkles easily and scorches with hi Definition RAYON Term Lengthwise lines visible under a microscope on some manufactured rayon fibers caused by liquid lost from the fiber during the coagualtion process Definition STRIATIONS Term Process used in creating acetate, chemically & physically changes cellulose into acetate Definition ACETYLATION Term A cellulose derivative fiber that is low in cost with good drapability, smooth hand & texture used in place of silk, rather weak fiber suseptible to acetone Definition ACETATE Term Dissolves acetate, part of the acetylation process Definition ACETONE Term Most common type of rayon method used to produce rayon developed in England in 1891, low tenacity Definition VISCOSE Term Method of producing rayon Definition SPUN RAYON (wet) Term Describes a fibers sensitivity to heat. Fibers that melt or glaze at a relatively low temperature Definition THERMOPLASTIC Term Fibers that soften, melt or shrink when subjected to heat are called Definition HEAT SENSITIVE FIBERS Term A fiber forming method in which the raw material is dissolved in amine oxide, spun into a weak solution of amine oxide and precipitated out of the solution Definition SOLVENT SPINNING Term What two fibers are filament fibers but not synthetic Definition SILK / RAYON Term what types of fibers are made from chemical compounds, produced in manufacturing facilities and the materials original form is not fibrous Definition MANUFACTURED FIBERS Term A rug woven on a jacquard loom and having a velvety surface formed by the cut loops of a pile. Definition WILTON RUG Term A rug with a stiff backing and a soft, colorful cut pile usually arranged in a complex pattern. Definition AXMINSTER RUG Term Wilton rugs are typically what blend of fibers Definition 80% Wool / 20% Nylon Term Rugs that measure between 27" to 3' 3" are called what? Definition NARROW GOODS Term Rugs / carpeting 12 ft. or wider are called? Definition BROADLOOM Term To measure carpeting what formula should be used? Definition Length x Width divided by 9 Term Which is more durable Tufted or Woven Rugs & Why? Definition TUFTED is more durable because a woven can be cut or break across a weft / warp yarn causing a run. Term Which rug has more colorful patterns an Axminster or a Wilton? Definition A Spool Axminster has up to 20 colors Term Axminster and Wilton rugs require this special means of installation? Definition HAND SEWN SEAMS Term What determines the density of a rug? Definition The number of Rows & Pitches determine the rugs density like thread counts determine fineness of fabric. Term For synthetic fibers that are difficult to apply surface color what means is typically utilized to dye them & why? Definition SOLUTION DYES because the color is mixed into the dope solution and becomes part of the fiber as opposed to a topical application of color. Term Most Synthetic carpeting is made of what fiber? Definition NYLON Term The standard width for fabrics is what? Definition 54" Term What is the differnce between a woven and printed fabric? Definition Woven fabrics are colored by utilizing different colored yarns and weaving them into patterns. A printed fabric has color applied to the surface of a plain ground fabric. Term How is leather purchaed & measured? Definition Leather is purchased by the hide and measure by the square foot. Term A narrow streak or stipe effectthat can run vertically or horizonatally or both to create subtle stripe like designs Definition STRIE Term A loosely coiled length of yarn or thread wound on a reel Definition SKEIN Term Simplest weave also the name of a fabric. Definition TAFFETA Term Trademark name for polyester fiber Definition POLYESTER Term Warp threads are arranged in the same order as they will lie in the finished cloth and areprinted before weaving giving a wavy image with no crisp edges Definition WARP PRINT / IKAT Term Is Wilton carpet braodloom or narrow goods? Definition NARROW GOODS