Term
| Function of the Endocrine System |
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Definition
| regulates nearly all the body processes through production of chemicals called hormones which are made in the cells of various endocrine glands (ductless glands) |
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Term
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Definition
Helps in controlling water and electrolyte balance
Assists in regulation of digestion; growth and development
Regulates carbohydrate metabolism
Works as neurotransmitters
Maintains stress and inflammation
Regulates reproductive functions |
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Term
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Definition
| the MD who specializes in disorders of the endocrine system |
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Term
| What are most endocrine disorders caused from? |
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Definition
| overproduction or underproduction of specific hormones |
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Term
| What does the blood test for pituitary function assess? |
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Definition
| GH, TSH, ACTH, prolactin, FSH, LH, ADH, oxytocin |
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Term
| What is the function of the posterior lobe of the pituitary? |
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Definition
| regulate Blood Pressure and water balance |
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Term
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Definition
| regulates the passage of water through the kidneys- tells the kidneys to hold onto fluids or get rid of them |
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Definition
| stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk letdown for breastfeeding |
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Definition
| surgical removal of the pituitary- monitor dressing for leakage of CSF-avoid straining, avoid toothbrushing |
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Term
| What are the S/S of Diabetes Insipidus? |
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Definition
| voids copious amounts of urine (15-20 liters/day), urine is very dilute with sp. Gr < 1.006, pt complains of thirst |
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Term
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Definition
| underproduction of ADH- may be caused from a kidney dysfunction, pituitary tumor, head trauma, or infection, or following surgical removal of pituitary- body doesn’t hold fluids |
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Term
| What are the treatments for diabetes insipidus? |
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Definition
| Strict I&O, closely monitor electrolyte levels, Daily weights, assist with self-care, medicate with Vasopressin (Pitressin) SC, IM, or via nasal spray (DDAVP), observe BP closely while on Pitressin (can cause high blood pressure) |
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Term
| Congenital Hypothyroidism |
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Definition
| it can lead to dwarfism (short stature, large head, short arms and legs, puffy eyes, protruding tongue), mental retardation, dry skin, uncoordinated movements, sterility- if caught early enough can be treated with T4 replacement- used to be called Cretinism |
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Term
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Definition
| hypothyroidism in adults- everything slows down- slow physical and mental activity- sluggish, couch potato, dry skin, voice may be hoarse and low, hair is course and tends to fall out (eyebrows), weight gain is common, chronic constipation, anemic, ↓ heart-rate, menorrhagia (excessive menstrual flow), depression, no energy, always cold |
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Term
| Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s disease) |
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Definition
| highly excitable and nervous, overactive, may have tremors, increased heartrate, may have palpitations and dysrhythmias >death, BP may be elevated, c/o being hot, has huge appetite but loses weight, skin may be a salmon color, women may stop menstruating, exopthalamus (bugged eyes), may have goiter, swollen thyroid may cause hoarseness or difficulty swallowing (everything is in overdrive) |
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