Term
|
Definition
blood is normally sterile
bacteremia is when bacteria appear in blood
-ex: brushing teeth |
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Term
|
Definition
bacteria in blood causing an immune response (inflammatory) in the blood
--sepsis/septic shock
---decreased bp, organ failure
most often bacillus
exotoxin triggers immune reaction>shock>death |
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Term
|
Definition
inflammation
-inner epitelial layer of the heart
esp heart valve
strep throat>theumatic fever> endocarditis
damaged heart valve |
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Term
| 2 types of bacterial endocarditis |
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Definition
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Term
| Acute bacterial endocarditis |
|
Definition
rapid onset symptoms
-shaking chills, spiking fever
high fatality rate
--needs prompt aggressive treatment
---antibiotics
damaged or normal heart valve involved
S. aureus, S. pyogenes, N. gonnorhea |
|
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Term
| Subacute bacterial endocarditis |
|
Definition
slower onset
-bacteria piles up on valve
low grade fever, fatigue, anemia
involves mainly damaged valves and normal bacteria of mouth and throat |
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Term
|
Definition
autoimmune complication of group a beta hemolytic strep infection
-may be genetic
occurs 2-3 weeks after strep throat
-fever, arthritis, rash,heart damage |
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Term
|
Definition
Clostrida spp.
endospores
soil bacteria
-easy to get into wounds
obligate anerobe-grows in damaged,dead, low o2 areas. |
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Term
|
Definition
C. prefringens
gas gangrene
-ferments sugars
-pockets of gas in tissue
-hydrogen/co2
-crackling noise
fatal untreated
penicillin |
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Term
|
Definition
domestic animals
dogs, cats
-Pasturella multocida
local infection, pneumonia, septicemia
Humans>bites/clenched fist injuries often worse than animal bite
5% require amputation |
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Term
|
Definition
S. Aureus
bacteroides
Fusobacterium
septicemia, tissue destruction, inflammation, swelling |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Yersinia pestis
gram neg
Killed large number of people
vector rat flea
both ill
resevoir rats
-rodents-mice, squirrels, beavers.. |
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Term
|
Definition
Borrelia burgdorferi
vector tick
-Ixodes
reservoir
-field mice, other
no person to person
rash at bite site, sometimes
flue like symptoms
longer last, more damage, hard to treat |
|
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Term
|
Definition
in everybody
normally ok
Mononucleosis
-fever, sore throat, swollen neck, lymph nodes, enlarged spleen
usually self healing
saliva transmission
mild in children
severe in adults |
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Term
|
Definition
chronic fatigue syndrome
Burkitts lymphoma
-B cell cancer |
|
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Term
|
Definition
protist
taxoplasma gondii
sex mature in cat intestines
shed in cat feces
unlikely in indoor cat
bad for pregnany women, damage/death to fetus |
|
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Term
|
Definition
plasmodium spp
-4 spp
300-500 million effected worldwide
20-40 million die
P. falciparum most dangerous
characteristic schedule
every 38 to 48 hrs depending on specie
last 6 hrs
chills fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
blood flukes
millions worldwide
heart disease, epilepsy, kidney failure, cirrhosis of liver
-fever, rash,body pains, cough,dysentry
stays 30 yrs lays 3500 eggs/day
eggs in intestine/bladder-leave
eggs in body-bad |
|
|
Term
| 2 Parts of respiratory system |
|
Definition
upper
-nose, throat, middle ear
Lower
-larynx trachea, bronchial tubes, alveoli |
|
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Term
|
Definition
group a beta hempolytic s.pyogenes
respiratory route
resist phagocytosis
penicillin effective
could cause rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rhinoviurs
113 kinds
likes cooler body temp
33-34C
upper respiratory epithelium
corona virus |
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Term
|
Definition
mycobacterium tuberculosis
acid fast
respiratory route
long generation time
-33 hrs
sensitive to uv/ sunlight
resist drying out, last long onsurface
macrophage unable to digest it
multiplies inside macrophage |
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Term
|
Definition
inflammation of lung tissue
typical pneumonia
-strep pneumoniae
atypical
mycolasma, chlamydia, virus |
|
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Term
|
Definition
most common
strep pneumonia
capsule
diplococcus
fever, chest pain, rust colored sputum
vaccine of purified capsular material |
|
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Term
|
Definition
no cell walls
cholesterol in membrane
smallest free living bacteria
walking pneumonia
-low grade fever, dry cough, headache |
|
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Term
|
Definition
associated with birds
Chlamidia psittaci
-obligate intracellular parasite
2 forms-out cell, inside cell
contact with bird droppings |
|
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Term
|
Definition
often complication of measels, chicken pox
respiratory syncytial virus
most common pneumonia in infants |
|
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Term
|
Definition
8 pandemics since 1889
kills healthy people
RNA virus,
capsule with spikes
hemagglutin, helps attatch
Neuraminidase, helps release
treatment-guess of which type will come |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
reservoir mice
breathe air contaminated with dropping
ok morning, respirator afternoon, dead night
pulmonary edema to death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fungus
Coccidiodes immitis
dimorphic
soil fungus
-spores carried by wind
SW us/california
symptoms like TB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
usually opportunistic
Factors: disorders of the nervous system
Diabetes
Obstruction of urine flow
closeness of intestinal gram neg bacteria, especially in females |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
inflammation of urinary bladder
usually more common infemales due to shorter urethra
dysuria-painful urination
pyruia-leukocytes in urine
Ecoli, staph saphrophyticus |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
gram neg Neisseria gonnorrhea
in females-most asymptomatic
attatch to mucosal cells by fimbrae/pili
complications occur if it goes systemic
infected mother-baby becomes blind antibiotics in eyes |
|
|
Term
| Non gonococcal urethritis |
|
Definition
caused by chlamydia trachomatis
40 acquired thru sex
usually mild/asymptomatic
sterility may occur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spirochate, trponema pallidum
several stages to disease.
-Primary chancre
-secondary rash
-tertiary gumma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
usually opportunistic
Factors: disorders of the nervous system
Diabetes
Obstruction of urine flow
closeness of intestinal gram neg bacteria, especially in females |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammation of urinary bladder
usually more common infemales due to shorter urethra
dysuria-painful urination
pyruia-leukocytes in urine
Ecoli, staph saphrophyticus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram neg Neisseria gonnorrhea
in females-most asymptomatic
attatch to mucosal cells by fimbrae/pili
complications occur if it goes systemic
infected mother-baby becomes blind antibiotics in eyes |
|
|
Term
| Non gonococcal urethritis |
|
Definition
caused by chlamydia trachomatis
40 acquired thru sex
usually mild/asymptomatic
sterility may occur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spirochate, trponema pallidum
several stages to disease.
-Primary chancre
-secondary rash
-tertiary gumma |
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