Medical model of mental illness

·      Needs to be diagnosed on the basis of its symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric hospital

DSM-IV

·      The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, with an updated “text revision”; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.

GAD: (Generalized anxiety disorder) 

 in which a person is unexplainably and continually tense and uneasy, people cannot identify the disorder so they cannot treat it

OCD: (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) 

a person is troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions

Social phobia

is shyness taken to an extreme, an intense fear of being scrutinized by others, avoid potentially embarrassing social situations, such as speaking up, eating out, or going to parties

Specific phobia

 focus on animals, insects, heights, blood or close spaces

Panic disorder

an anxiety tornado, anxiety suddenly escalates into a terrifying panic attack- minute long episode of intense fear that something horrible is about to happen

PTSD

 an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdraws, jumpy anxiety and or insomnia that ligers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia:

Positive: Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized, speech/behaviors

Negative: Emotionless, lacking energy, difficulty thinking, diminished

Bipolar disorder

·      A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

Schizophrenia

·      “Split mind”, most crippling of psych disorders, multiple personality split but rather to a split from reality that show itself in disorganized thinks, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

Counter conditioning:

 a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

Aversive conditioning:

 a type of counter conditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior 

Operant conditioning:

 voluntary behaviors are strong influenced by their consequences

Token economy:

 an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats

Psychoanalysis—

 Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transerences and the therapists interpretations of them, released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight

resistance

·      in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety laden material

interpretation

·      : in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behavior and events in order to promote insight

Client-centered therapy: 

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening with a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth, active listening and unconditional positive regard

Cognitive therapy: 

a popular integrated therapy with behavior therapy (changing behavior), reveal and reverse self-blaming

Drug therapy: 

            Biomedical therapy: prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient’s nervous system

            Psychopharmacology: the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

Prozac

partially blocks the reuptake of serotonin, antidepressants 

Lithium

: a mood stabilizer for those suffering the emotional highs and lows of bipolar disorder

Anti-psychotics

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder