Term
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Definition
§(bacteria infection) clap or drip
§If untreated can lead to PID and infertility
Men
§Penile discharge
§Inflamed urethra, burning sensation when urinating
§Fertility problems if not treated early
§Symptoms occur 2-5 days after exposure
§Women
§Inflammation of cervix resulting in discharge
§80% experience no symptoms
Untreated can result in PID and lead to infertility
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Term
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Definition
§Primary stage – painless chancre ( not painful)
§Secondary stage – skin rash
§Latent stage – 1 to 40 years
§Tertiary stage – large, destructive ulcers |
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Term
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Definition
§It is more common than gonorrhea and syphilis in the US
§Transmission
§Vaginal or anal intercourse
§Contact with the eye
§Oral sex
§During birth
treatment
§Similar to gonorrhea, but milder
§In men, it can lead to nongonococcal urethritis (NGU), inflammation of the urethra
In women, chlamydial infections typically result in infections of the urethra or cervix and PID if untreated |
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Term
HIV and the immune system |
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Definition
§A sexually transmitted virus that destroys white blood cells in the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to life-threatening diseases.
§Spikes on the surface of HIV bind to immune system cells, CD4 cells and others
§Destroys the CD4 cells in the process
§HIV eventually leads to a drop in the number of CD4 cells
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Term
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Definition
§Causes oral herpes
§1-6 ppl have genital herpes.
§Cold sores or fever blisters on lips, in mouth, on tongue, or in throat
§Can be transferred to the genital by the hands or oral-genital contact
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Term
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Definition
§Causes genital herpes
§Painful, shallow sores and blisters on the genitals
§Can be transferred to the mouth through oral-genital contact |
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Term
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Definition
§Causes genital warts
§Warts appear around the genitals and anus
§Is the world’s most common STI
§Occurs most commonly in 20- to 24-year-olds
§Linked to cancers of the genital organs
§Warts can be removed (e.g., by freezing), but there is no cure
§Can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity and by touching infected towels or clothing
§Vaccine now available
§Vaccinates against those strains responsible for cervical cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the pelvic region; symptoms are abdominal pain, tenderness, nausea, fever, and irregular menstrual cycles; PID may lead to infertility |
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Term
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Definition
| an inflammation of the bladder or urethra |
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Term
Treatment of viral sexually transmitted diseases |
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Definition
- HSV 1: OTC lip balms, cold sore medications.
- HSV 2: no cure, but the antiviral drugs provide relief and prompt healing
- Hepatitis A,B,C,& D: bed rest, intake of fluids, sometimes antibiotics to ward off bacerial infections. alpha interferon is sometimes used in treating hepatitis C
- HIV/AIDS: no cure, HAART is a cocktial of antiviral drugs
- HPV: methods include (freezing), podophyllin, trichloroacetric acid or bichloroacetic acide burning, surgical removal; vaccine
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Term
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Definition
| a blood disorder that mostly afflicts african americans, in which deformed blood cells obstruct small blood vessels, decreasing their capacity to carry oxygen and heightening the risk of occasionally fatal infections. |
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Term
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Definition
| a period of timeduring which an embryo or fetus is vulnerable to the effects of a teratogen |
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Term
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Definition
| environmental influences or agents that can harm the embryo or fetus. these include drugs taken by the mother, such as alcohol and even aspirin, as well as substances produced by the mother's body, such as Rh-positive antibodies. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a chromosomal abnormality that lead to mental retardation, caused by an extra chromosome on the twenty-first pair |
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Term
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Definition
| a sex-chromosomal disorder caused by an extra X sex chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| the surgical method of male sterilization in whch sperm are prevented from reaching the urethra by cutting each vas deferens and tying it back or cauterizing it. |
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Term
Proximodistal development |
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Definition
| the growth of the organ systems that lie close to this axis.from the central axis of the body downward. |
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Term
Cephalocaudal development |
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Definition
| development of the embryo from the head downward. |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme that briefly thins the zona pellucida, enabling one sperm to penetrate. |
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Term
Braxton-Hicks contractions |
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Definition
| false labor contractions that are relatively painless. they are flase because they do not widen the cervix or advance the baby through the birth canal |
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Term
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Definition
| symptoms of pregnancy, including nausea aversions to specific foods, and vomiting. |
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Term
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Definition
| the platelike inner part of the blastocyst, which differentiates into the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm of the embryo |
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Term
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Definition
| the inner layer of the newly formed embryo, from which the lungs and digestive system develop |
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Term
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Definition
| the central layer of the embryo, from which the bones and muscles develop |
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Term
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Definition
| the outer most cell layer of the newly formed embryo, from which the skin and nervous system develop |
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Term
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Definition
| a pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum becomes implanted someplace other than the uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| the outer part of the blastocyst, from which the amniotic sac, placenta, and umbilical cord develop |
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Term
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Definition
| a stage within the germinal stage of prenatal development, at which the embryo is shere of cells surrounding a cavity of fluid |
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Term
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Definition
•Spontaneous abortion (can be genetic)
•Causes include chromosomal defects in the embryo or fetus
•More common in older pregnant women |
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Term
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Definition
| pregnancy can be confirmed by test that directly detect subunit HCG radioimmunoassar (RIA) can detect HCG in woman's blood as early as the eighth day of pregnancy, about five days preceding her expected period. |
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Term
Stages of prenatal development |
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Definition
the germinal stage: the period of prenatal development before implantation in the uterus
enbryonic stage: the stage of prenatal development that last from implantation through the eighth week and is characterized by the differentiation of the major organ systems.
fetal stage: begins by the ninth week and continues until birth
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
men low sperm count, irregularly shapted sperm, low sperm motility, chronic disease, injury to testes, autoimmune response, pituitary imbalance and/or thyroid disease.
Women: irregular ovulation, obstruction or malfunctions of the reproductive tract, endometriosis, decling hormone levels of estrogen and progesterone that occur with aging
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Term
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Definition
•Fertility drugs
•In vitro fertilization (IVF)
•Mature ova are surgically removed from an ovary and placed in a laboratory dish along with sperm
•Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
•Sperm and ova are inserted into a fallopian tube to encourage conception
•Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
•Ovum is fertilized in a laboratory dish and then placed in a fallopian tube
•Donor IVF
•Ovum is taken from one woman, fertilized, and then injected into the uterus or fallopian tube of another woman
•Embryonic transfer
•Woman volunteer is artificially inseminated by the male partner of the intended mother
•Embryo is removed and inserted within the uterus of the intended mother
•Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
•Single sperm is injected directly into an ovum
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Term
Cervical mucus and discharge in terms of your cycle |
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Definition
| the mucus is thick, white, and cloudy during most phases of the cycle but turns thin, slippery, and clear for a few days before ovulation. A day or so after ovulation the mucus again thickens and becomes opaque |
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Term
Functions of the placenta |
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Definition
•allows for the exchange of nutrients and wastes
•Secretes hormones that
•preserve pregnancy
•stimulate uterine contractions that induce childbirth
•help prepare breasts for breastfeeding |
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Term
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Definition
1st stage: uterine contractions eface and dilate the cervix to about 4 inches (10cm) in diameter, so that the baby may pass.
2nd stage: begins when the cervix has become fully dilated and the baby begins to move into the vagina and the frist appears at the opening of the birth canal. the woman is taken to a delivery room
3rd stage:placenta is expelled
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Term
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Definition
| persistent and severe mood changes during the post-partum period, involving feelings of despair and apathy and characterized by changes in appetite and sleep, low self-esteem, and difficulty concentrating. |
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Term
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Definition
•Statistically normal
•Lasts for about 10 days and does not impair functioning |
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Term
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Definition
•Given a normal pregnancy, coitus is safe throughout pregnancy until the start of labor
•A pregnant woman’s interest in sex may vary
•Tends to be higher during the second trimester compared to the first and third |
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Term
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Definition
| the method of female sterilization in which the fallopian tubes are surgically blocked. also called tubal ligation |
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Term
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Definition
Contains synthetic progesterone but no estrogen
Does not prevent ovulation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Placed in the uterus
Irritate lining
Paraguard: copper, 10 years
Mirena: progesterone, 5 years
Must have been pregnant before |
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Term
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Definition
squirting a liquid into the vagina may propel sperm toward the uterus.
regular douching may also alter the natural chemistry of the vagina, increasing the risk of vaginal infection.
Considered an unreliable contraceptive method |
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Term
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Definition
- induced abortion-purposeful termination of a pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is capable of sustaining independent life.
- vacuum aspiration- also called suction curettage, removal of the uterine contents by suction
- D&C-an operation in which the cervix is dilated and uterine contents are then gently scraped away
- D&E-an aborton method in which the cervix is dilated prior to vaccum aspiration
- intra-amniotic infusion-method in which a substance is injected into the amniotic sac to induce premature labor (instillation)
- hysterotomy-abortion of the fetus by cesarean section
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Term
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Definition
mifepristone)
Induces by blocking progesterone
Must use within 49 days of last period
Researchers continue to study other drugs |
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Term
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Definition
contains progestin only.
it prevents pregnancy for three months. |
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Term
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Definition
- most effective IUD
- IUD may irritate the muscular laer of the uterine wall, causing contractions that expel it through the vagina.
- the device is mostly expelled during menstruation, so users are advised to check their santiary napkins or tampons before discarding them.
- women are advised to check the string several times a month to ensure that the IUD is in place.
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Term
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Definition
| a hollow area in the blastocyst from which the nervous system will develop |
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Term
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Definition
Federal law that prohibited the dissemination of birth-control information through the mail, on the grounds that it was obscene |
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Term
domestic violence victims go back 7-8 times before they leave permantly
conditional meaning to alter what people thing is reality (gas lighting)
2/3 of rapes were committed by someone you know. |
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Definition
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