Term
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Definition
a. anterior
b. 1/6 of eye
c. transparent (no blood vessels)
d. many pain and temp receptors
e. refracts light and, as a result, helps the eye to focus
f. covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber
g. roughly three-fourths of the eye's total refractive power
h. unmyelinated nerve endings sensitive to touch, temperature and chemicals |
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Term
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Definition
a. posterior
b. 5/6 of eye
c. opaque
d. large collagen and elastin fibers
e. protective layer
f. In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the old, however, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow |
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Term
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Definition
a. exits posterior sclera
b. transmits visual information from the retina to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| outer layer of eye consists of cornea sclera and optic nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| middle layer of eye, also called “uveal tract”—the layer of tissue which provides most of the nutrients in the eye, consists of choroid coat, ciliary body and iris |
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Term
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Definition
a. posterior
b. 5/6 of eye
c. many blood vessels
d. dense melanocytes
e. black color
f. absorbs light
g. lying between the retina and the sclera
h. red eye effect on photos is caused by the reflection of light from choroid |
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Term
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Definition
a. thickest part of middle tunic
b. ring around front of eye
c. suspensory ligaments attached to lens
d. circumfrential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes
e. attached to the lens by connective tissue
f. are responsible for shaping the lens to focus light on the retina
g. When the ciliary muscle relaxes, it flattens the lens, generally impro ving the focus for farther objects. When it contracts, the lens becomes more convex, generally improving the focus for closer objects.
h. The ciliary body has three functions: accommodation, aqueous humor production and the production and maintanence of the lens’s conn tiss |
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Term
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Definition
a. thin diaphragm
b. adjusts pupil size for light intensity
c. dim light increases diameter
d. consists of pigmented fibrovascular tissue known as a stroma
e. stroma connects a sphincter muscle, which contracts the pupil, and a set of dialator muscles which open it |
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Term
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Definition
| inner layer of eye consists of retina and optic disk |
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Term
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Definition
a. blind spot
b. site of optic nerve exit
c. in the center of the retina |
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Term
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Definition
a thin layer of neural cells that lines the back of the eyeball
a. photoreceptor layer
i. deepest layer
ii. transduces light to receptor potential
b. 2 receptor classes: rods and cones |
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Term
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Definition
1. scotopic
2. black white and dim vision
3. located in parafoveal region
4. less distinct vision
5. converging innervention
6. used in peripheral vision
7. sensitive enough to respond to a single photon of light
8. consist of synaptic terminal, inner and outer segment connected by cillium
9. respond slower than cones
10. responsible for the Purkinje effect, in which blue colors appear more intense relative to reds in darker light, when rods take over as the cells responsible for vision |
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Term
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Definition
1. color and high acuity vision
2. concentrated in fovea centralis
3. perceive finer detail and more rapid changes in images
4. humans usually have three kinds with different photopsins (trichromatic vision) |
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Term
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Definition
1. crystalline proteins arranged in layers
2. transparent oval attached to suspensory ligaments
3. fx to focus light rays
4. biconvex structure
5. curvature is controlled by ciliary muscles |
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Term
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Definition
a. filled with aqueous humor
b. cornea „³ iris = anterior chamber
c. iris „³ lens = posterior chamber |
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Term
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Definition
| filled with vitreous humor |
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Term
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Definition
i. 6 muscles
ii. connect outer tunic to orbit by tendons
iii. each one facilitates one type of movement
iv. small motor units = great precision |
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