Term
| NT: Acetylcholine Biosynthesis Pathway |
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Definition
Choline + Acetyl CoA---> Acetylcholine + CoEnzyme A
Produced by Motor Neurons |
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Term
| Acetylcholine Biosynthesis: Enzyme |
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Definition
| Choline Acetyltransferase |
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Term
NT: Acetylcholine
Degradation |
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Definition
| Acetylcholine---> Acetic Acid + Choline |
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Term
| Acetylcholine Degradation: Enzyme |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1)Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors
2)Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors
Located in the Brain |
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Term
Nicotinic Receptors:
a)Related to which NT?
b)What is its role?
c)If agonist added?
d)If antagonist added?
e) Type: |
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Definition
a)Acetylcholine
b)Cognition/ Movement
c)Increase in AcH release-->Muscle Contraction
d)Decrease in AcH release--->
Paralysis/Weakness
e) G Coupled Protein |
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Term
| Nicotinic Agonists Effects (5) |
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Definition
1) Heart Rate (Decr)
2) GI Tract: Diaherrea
3) Salivation
4) Contraction of Diaphragm
5) Increase AcH levels: Alertness |
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Term
| Nicotinic Antagonists Effects (4) |
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Definition
1) Stop breathing
2) Heart Rate (Incr)
3) Blood Pressure (Incr)
4) Decrease AcH in Brain : Drowsiness |
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Term
Muscarinic Receptors:
a)Related to which NT?
b)What is its role?
c)If agonist added?
d)If antagonist added?
e) Type: |
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Definition
a) Acetylcholine
b) Learning, Memory, Arousal
c)Parasympathetic Effects
d) Sympathetic Effects
e) Ligand- gated Ion Channel |
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Term
| Acetylcholine Location/Pathways |
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Definition
Nucleus Basalis
a)Axons project to Neocortex |
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Term
NT: Dopamine
Biosynthesis Pathway |
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Definition
| Tyrosine--->DOPA--->Dopamine |
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Term
| Dopamine Biosynthesis: Enzyme |
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Definition
| Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH) |
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Term
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Definition
1)D1
2)D2 Post and Pre Synaptic
G-Coupled Protein Receptors |
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Term
| Dopamine Location/Pathways |
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Definition
Dorsal Striatum--->Substantia Nigra
Ventral Striatum---> Ventral Tegmental |
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Term
Dorsal Striatum
a)Related to which NT?
b)What is its role?
Info |
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Definition
a) Dopamine
b)Motor Control
Degeneration--->Problems w/ Initiating of Movement--->Tremor/Paralysis |
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Term
Ventral Striatum
a)Related to which NT?
b)What is its role?
Info
c)If agonist added?
d)If antagonist added?
e) Type: |
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Definition
a)Dopamine
b)Reward/Appetitive Motivation
Addition Pathway |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hyperactivity of Dopamine in Ventral Pathways |
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Term
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Definition
Motor Activation (Decr)
Reward/ Motivation (Decr)
Depression Like Symptoms
Parkinson's Like |
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Term
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Definition
Motivation/ Cravings (Incr)
Motor Activation (Incr)
Stereotypy: Repetitive Motor Behavior
Schizophrenic Like |
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Term
NT: Norephinephrine
Biosynthesis Pathway |
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Definition
Tyrosine--->DOPA--->Dopamine--->
Noephinephrine |
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Term
| Norephinephrine Location/Pathways |
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Definition
Locus Coeruleus
Projects throughout the Brain |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
Activation of Arousal
a) Shut off when sleep: sleep
b) Maximized when stress:anxiety
c) Hunger and Eating Behavior
d) Pain and Fear |
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Term
| Noephrinephine: Receptors |
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Definition
1) Alpha Adrenergic Receptors
a)Alpha 2: Autoreceptor sedative and analgesic
b)Agonist decrease NE Activity
2) Beta Adrenergic Receptors
b)Beta Blocker used to decrease heart rate and blood pressure
b) Agonist: shutdown LC Activity---> Sedative, anti-anxiety |
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Term
| NT: Serotonin Biosynthesis Pathway |
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Definition
| L-Tryptophan--->L-5-Hydroxytrytophan---> 5-HT (serotonin) |
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Term
| Serotonin: Location/Pathways |
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Definition
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Term
| Tryptophan: Mood Regulation |
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Definition
Incr Trypt---> Better Mood
Decr Trypt---> Depression (not in healthy individuals) |
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Term
| Serotonin: Mood Regulation |
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Definition
High 5-HT--> High Tryptophan--> Anxiety--> decreased appetite
Deficit= Poor impulse control
agressiveness |
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Term
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Definition
1) GABA(a) Receptors
a)Ionotrophic: Ion Channels
2) GABA(b) Receptors
b)Metabotropic |
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Term
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Definition
a)Ion Channels
b)5 Subunits
c)Muscimol: Hallucinogenic Effects
High Doses: Sympathetic Effects
d)Sensitive to CNS Depressant Drugs Such as Ethanol and Benzodiazopines and Barbituates
e)Agonist Diazepam: sedative
f) Inverse Agonist: Opposite effect of agonist, though doesn't block like antagonist, Anxiety producing, arousing
g) Neurosteroids: Enhance GABA(a) receptor function-->sedative |
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Term
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Definition
Ionotropic:
1)Kainate
2)NMDA (na+ and ca2+)
--->Creates ESPS caused by the flow of Na+ into cell
- Receptor channels can be blocked by Mg2+ |
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Term
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Definition
Ionotropic:
1)Kainate
2)NMDA (na+ and ca2+)
--->Creates ESPS caused by the flow of Na+ into cell
- Receptor channels can be blocked by Mg2+ |
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Term
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Definition
| High Levels: Toxic: Excitotoxicity |
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Term
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Definition
Stress induced analgesia
Incr Peptide Decr pain
Morphine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Corticotropin Releasing Factor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
THC
Drug Development
Antiemtic Effects |
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