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Details Title: Test 2 Description: it's the second test Total Flash Cards: 85 Created: 10/20/2007 10:05:02	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term monogamy Definition 1 spouse Term polygamy Definition more than one spouse Term polygyny Definition more than one wife Term polyandry Definition more than one husband Term berdache Definition french term means a 3rd gender a male with a female role Term ambilateral Definition related to both your father's and your mother's side of the family Term matrilineal Definition related to people on mother's side Term matrilocal Definition live with women's side of family after marriage Term matriarchy Definition women have the most power in a society Term patrilineal Definition related to people on father's side Term patrilocal Definition live with the man's side of the family after marriage Term patriarchy Definition men have most of the power in the society Term the second shift Definition what women do after work Term endogamous Definition marrying inside the group i.e. marrying within one's tribe Term exogamous Definition marrying outside groups i.e. clans Term agnatic Definition related by blood through fathers side of faily Term cognatic Definition related my marriage to both sides of family Term lineage Definition line of descent i.e. ancestors aka subclan or part of a clan Term clans Definition groups within a tribe Term corporate group Definition relation to tribes; immortal group -if people die, still people persist so it lives on Term segmentary lineage Definition lineage divided into segments i.e. me against my brothers, me and my brothers against my cousins, me and my cousins against the world Term fictive kin Definition not blood relations; may be good friends or slaves Term sapir-whorf hypothesis Definition language constructs our perception of reality Term wittgenstein Definition limits of language define the limits of one's reality Term raymond williams Definition if you define a language, you define a people Term emic Definition emotional; personal perspective Term etic Definition not emotional; general perspective Term band Definition social organization that has a head man -!kung Term tribe Definition kawelka, a group of clans no police, lawyers, courts Term chiefdom Definition -social group that practices redistribution Term affluence vs. abundance Definition abundence we have yet we are still not affluent (satisfied) !kund more affluent yet less abundent Term headman Definition -!kung; even less formal than a bigman; may not be even known as a headman by others; negotiates with outsiders Term Bigman Definition -tribe; recognized by others; still informal; persuasive power not forceful power -doesn't last forever Term Chief Definition leader of chiefdoms; more established; formal; passes on in generations Term Generalized reciprocity Definition don't keep track of gifts Term balanced reciprocity Definition keeping track of give and take; balancing it Term redistribution Definition pay tax to chief, who then buys grain and animals which is distributed among his family, the poor, or for storage Term pastoralism Definition exert least amount of calories to earn a living the care, tending and use of animals such as camels, goats, cattle, yaks, llamas and sheep -also requires moving around a lot Term horticulture Definition deals with gardening fruits, berries, nuts, vegetables, flowers, trees, shrubs, and turf Term biolphilia Definition having an affinity in nature describe natural people Term nomadic Definition move from one place to another, rather than settling down. Term transhumance Definition transfer of livestock from one grazing grounds to another Term syncretism Definition blending of a language, religion, or a culture Term plantations and slave labor Definition capitalism kawelka Term world systems theory Definition theory where the world market relies on periphery, semi periphery, and core economies Term periphery Definition provide labor and raw materials Term semi periphery Definition exporters of minerals and agricultural goods; major in manufacturing Term core Definition produce communidities Term genocide Definition destruction of the people of a religion, culture, ext. Term ethnocide Definition destruction to a culture of a people, not the people themselves Term passive infanticide Definition not intervening, allowing their kid to die, shanty town in brazil Term mortal selective neglect Definition not doing anything to prevent death although they could really emphasized women choosing which kid will live and which will die Term In entropy and Cricket which team always wins? Definition the home team Term list of food items for the !kung and Kawelka Definition !Kung -mongongo nuts, giraffes, ext. Kawelka -yams, pigs, fish, esperagous, cassowarys, sweet potatoes, sugar cane, greens, oil, marsupials Term Yoruba Definition western africa Term Etoro Definition ritualized homosexuality papua new guinea men and women living in seperate houses women suck life out of men rules about sex with women Term Etoro Definition New Guinea ritualized homosexuality men and women live in seperate homes women suck life out of men gender differentiaion rules on sex with women Term Ganiga Definition black harvest new guinea Term Ganiga Definition Black Harvest Papua New Guinea Term Nuer Definition Sudan Egypt Term Dani Definition Papua New Guinea Term Yanomamo Definition between venezuela and brazil Term kawelka Definition papua new guinea Term bari Definition -how many fathers are best for a child -venezuela Term Inuit Definition Alaska, Canada, greenland Term !Kung Definition Ju/'hoans-what !kung call themselves bushman -name given to hunter-gatherers by Dutch settlers in southern              africa 1650s san, sonquas, outsider terms basarwa -name given by people without cattle !kung -name of three major language groups Botswana trade to get grain Term Marshall Sahlins Definition -labeled them "hunters and gatherers" Term Richard Lee Definition !kung as Hunters/gatherers were isolated so became hunters and gatherers over time -suitable to both humans and environment in wester kalahari Term Edwin Wilmsen Definition !kung became hunters/ gatherers after collapse of merchantilism -remained so because they were oppresed Term Nanook Definition Documents one year in the life of Nanook, an Eskimo (Inuit) and his family. Describes the trading, hunting, fishing and migrations of a group barely touched by industrial technology Term N'ai Definition Remarks about her experiecne of how whitme men forced her and her people, about 800 to live in a small area with not enough food or space Term Sidney Mintz Definition anthropologist -wrote sweetness and power about sugar and how global trade effected the national economy Term Ongka Definition means as or axe -kawelka -hosts a moka 3 houses; one is a men's house Term Joe Leahy Definition black harvest -didn't work out Term the Hunters Definition Africa the kalahari desert -women gather roots, berries -men hunt -some come back empty handed Term Mongongo nut Definition so abundant it rots Term Kathy Galvin Definition data was not seeing whole picture taken during rainy season Term gender differentiaion Definition not only men and women Term Changes among !kung Definition militarization of san beer production men go to mines in south africa schools, market for crafts/weapons, missions cash, tobacco, cattle, kalahari people's fund New Dobe !kung harder to hunt and gather overgrazing welfare society reservations abandon nomadism disease longer life spans however more power and destruction Term !bushman and debeers the ecologist Definition -diamonds -debeers keeping monopoly; artificial scarcity -ethnic cleansing; genocide and ethnocide Term evolution of human political organizations; tribes and tribal societys Definition -increased size of governed pop -increased power of leader to force others -increased inequality Term tribes as compared to bands have: Definition -increased wealth -larger population -better technology -more complex social organizations -decrease equity -much more gender differentiated than !kung Term Leblanc prehistory of warfare Definition war amounts staying the same, deaths are decreasing Term pigs needed? Definition for everythign except survival Term lineages Definition do many things together -don't own property together; families do