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Test 2
Chapter 11
56
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
03/16/2011

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Term
Two Types of Nervous Systems
Definition
Central and Peripheral
Term
The Central Nervous System is split into two subcategories...
Definition
Brain and the Spinal Cord
Term
The Peripheral Nervous system is split into two sub categories...
Definition
Sensory
Motor
Term
The Motor subcategoriy is split into two subcategories.
Definition
Somatic
Autonomic
Term
The Autonomic is split into two categories
Definition
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Term
What is the main cell type of the nervous system?
Definition
Neurons
Term
What are the 4 types of Neuroglia in the Central Nervous System?
Definition
Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymnal Cells
Oligodendrocytes
Term
What are the two Neuroglia in the Peripheral Nervous System?
Definition
Schwann Cells
Satelite Cells
Term
Neuroglia functions: nutrients- capillary connection
Definition
Astrocytes
Term
Neuroglia Functions: Defense
Definition
Microglia
Term
Neuroglia Functions: line CSF Cavities
Definition
Ependymal Cells
Term
Neuroglia Functions: myelination (CNS)
Definition
Oligodendrocytes
Term
Neuroglia Functions: Myelination (PNS)
Definition
Schwann Cells
Term
Neuroglia Function: nutrients- capillary connection (PNS)
Definition
Satelite Cells
Term
Which PNS Neuroglia is like Astrocytes?
Definition
Satelite Cells
Term
Which CNS neuroglia is like Schwann Cells?
Definition
Oligodendrocytes
Term
Myelinated Fibers:
Definition
White
Term
Unyelinated Fibers
Definition
Gray
Term
Protect and insulate axon; increase speed of nerve impulse transmission
Definition
Function of Myelination
Term
Bundle of Cell Bodies in the CNS:
Definition
Nuclei
Term
Bundle of Cell Bodies in the PNS:
Definition
Ganglia
Term
Bundle of Cell Processes (CNS)
Definition
Tracts
Term
Bundle of Cell Process (PNS)
Definition
Nerves
Term
Space Between Schwann Cells
Definition
nodes of ranvier
Term
Exterior:
Definition
NEURILEMMA
Term
short, highly diffuse, input receptors that convey graded potentials
Definition
Dendrites
Term
Only 1 carries action potential to terminal, originates on the hillock, has terminal knobs that release neurotransmitters
Definition
Axon
Term
The resting membrane potential: Interior of Neuron is:
Definition
Negative 70
Term
Leakage Channels (OUT)
Definition
K+
Term
Leakage Channels (IN)
Definition
Na+
Term
Ion Pump
Definition
Na+ K+
Term
Concentrations of ions across the membrane changes
Definition
Membrane potential Changes
Term
Permeability to ions change
Definition
Membrane potential Changes
Term
CHANGES IN MEMBRANE POTENTIAL ARE SIGNALS.
2 KINDS:
Definition
Graded and Action Potentials
Term
Short distance, local can die out or generate an action potential
Definition
Graded Potential
Term
Long distance, all or none phenomenon (action potential will never be bigger or longer, only more generated)
Definition
Action Potential
Term
Hyperpolarization
Definition
Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential
Term
Depolarization
Definition
Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential
Term
Action Potential: Only leakage channels open and ion pump
Definition
Stage 1: Resting
Term
Action Potential: Na+ voltage gated channels open (in)
Definition
Stage 2: Depolarization
Term
Action Potential: Na+ channels inactive; K+ voltage gated open (out)
Definition
Stage 3: Repolarization
Term
Ions are positively charged and they cause the membrane to become less polar (depolarization)
Definition
Voltage Gated
Term
6 neurotransmitter effects are terminated in one of 3 ways
Definition
1. Reputake
2. Enzymatic Degradation
3. Diffusion
Term
Krebs Cycle creates __ ATP
Definition
1
Term
Electron Transport Chain creates __ ATP
Definition
28
Term
The 3 phases of Glycolosis in their correct order, are:
Definition
Sugar Activation, Sugar Cleavage, Sugar Oxidation
Term
Pyruvic Acid is a final product of
Definition
Glycolosis
Term
6 NADH+H+ are made in Krebs cycle because:
Definition
The cycle runs twice, for each pyrucvic acid molecule
Term
The transitional phase happens between:
Definition
Glycolosis and Krebs Cycle
Term
The Transitional Phase happens between:
Definition
Glycolosis and Krebs Cycle
Term
The tranitional phase creates:
Definition
Acetyl CoA
Term
O2 is directly used in the
Definition
Electron Transport chain
Term
During the electron transport chain, ___ atoms are split into protons and electrons.
Definition
H
Term
____ is the pump that brings the positively charged H ions back across the membrane and actually phosphorylates ADP to ATP:
Definition
ATP Synthase
Term
Appendages of the skin arise from the ____ layer but are found in the ____ layer:
Definition
Epidermis; Dermis
Term
3 Skin and hair pigments are:
Definition
melanin, carotene, hemoglobin
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