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Test 1 study guide: metric system,cell structure and funtion
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27
Science
7th Grade
10/11/2009

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Cards

Term
Cell Wall
Definition

strong and stiff

made out of cellulose

found in plant cells

allows certian particals to go thru

Term
Cell/plasma membrane
Definition

animal cells: no  cell wall, membrane has cholestrol

has pores

controls movement of materials

nade out of lipids,protiens and cholestrol

Term
Nucleus
Definition

Control center

surronded by membrane

membrane has pores

"brain" of the cell

 

Term
Chromosomes
Definition

thick, rodlike objects

direct all activites in cell

pass traits on to other cells

 

Term
DNA and RNA
Definition

carriers of the blueprints of life

store genetic information

DNA stays inside nucleus

RNA leaves the nucleus thru pores in membrane

 

Term
Nucleolus
Definition

site of ribosome production

 

Term
Cytoplasm
Definition

thick, jellylike substance

always moving

many organelles located inside it

Term
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER)
Definition

transporting system

carrys protiens from one part of the cell to another

is "rough" because it has ribosomes attached to it

Term

Ribosomes

 

 

Definition

protien factories

produced in nucleus

many of them attached to ER

made up of RNA

some float freely in cytoplasm

 

Term
Mitochondria
Definition

Powerhouses

supply most energy

sugars broken down into water/carbon dioxide gas

stores energy

mit. have small amount of DNA

once tiny living orgonisms

 

 

Term
Vacuoles
Definition

storage tanks

food and others material stored  inside vacuole

can store waste products

main water storage area

when vacuole full it swells and plumps

 

Term
Lysosomes
Definition

clean up crew

contain enzymes, break down large food molecules

 

digests old cell parts

 

Term
Chloroplasts
Definition

energy producers for plant cell

large and green

they are green because they contain chlorophyll

chlorophyll captures energy from the sun

 

Term
Grana
Definition

chlorophyll filled with it

funtions in photosynthesis

composed of stacks of thylocoids that contain chlorophyll

cite of photosynthesis

 

 

Term
Thylacoids
Definition

Chloroplasts have double membrane and inside the membrane are the thylacoids.

thyacoids appear in grana

Term
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER)
Definition

transporting system

carrys protiens from one part of the cell to another.

is "smooth" because that is the way it appears and has no ribosomes attached to it

Term
Golgi Bodies/ complex
Definition

packages macromolecules

membrane bound structure with a single membrane

 

Term
Cytoskeleton
Definition

helps mantain cell shape

made from microtubules, microfilements and intermidiate fibers

Term
Robert Hooke
Definition
In 1665, he observed tiny structures within a slice of cork with a compound microscope.
Term
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek- used a simple microscope to examine materials
Definition
used a simple microscope to examine materials such as blood and rain water observed living cells
Term
Matthias Schleiden
Definition
discovered that all plant parts are made up of cells.
Term
Theodore Schwann
Definition
observed that animal parts are made up of cells
Term
Rudolf Virchow
Definition
discovered that all living cells come from other living cells
Term
James Watson and Francis Crick
Definition
discovered that 23 pairs of chromosones structured into strands of DNA
Term
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid
Definition
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Term
RNA stands for
Definition
Ribonucleic Acid
Term
ATP stands for
Definition
Adenosine Triphosphate
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