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Terry Science Classes
Chapter 4 - 8 Vocabulary
78
Science
6th Grade
03/18/2009

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Term
elevation
Definition
height above sea level
Term
topography
Definition
shape of land by elevation, relief and land form
Term
relief
Definition
difference in elevation between highest and lowest parts of area
Term
land form
Definition
feature of topography formed by the processes that shape Earth's surface
Term
land form region
Definition
a large area of land where the topography is similar
Term
plain
Definition
a land form of flat, rolling land with low relief
Term
mountain
Definition
a land form with high elevation and high relief
Term
mountain range
Definition
series of mountains, same shape and structure
Term
plateu
Definition
land form with level surface and is high above sea level
Term
lithosphere
Definition
solid rocky outer layer
Term
core
Definition
center of Earth
Term
mantle
Definition
thick layer surrounding core, made of hot, but solid material
Term
crust
Definition
thin outer layer of lithosphere
Term
rock
Definition
harden minerals
Term
geology
Definition
study of rocks and Earth
Term
maps
Definition
model of flat surface
Term
topographic map
Definition
map showing surface features
Term
scale
Definition
related distance on a map to distance on Earth's surface
Term
symbol
Definition
shows houses and other small features on topographic maps
Term
contour line
Definition
connects points of equal elevation
Term
contour interval
Definition
the change elevation from contour line to contour line
Term
Global Positioning System
Definition
finding a precise location using a network of satelites
Term
biome
Definition
group of ecosystems
Term
canopy
Definition
tall trees form a leafy roof
Term
under story
Definition
shorter trees and viens
Term
desert
Definition
area that receives less than 25 cm of air per year
Term
grass land
Definition
receives 25 to 75 cm of rain per year, and is typically populated by grasses and non woody plants
Term
deciduous tree
Definition
trees that shed their leaves yearly
Term
hibernation
Definition
low energy state similar to sleep
Term
coniferous tree
Definition
trees that product seeds in cones and have needle shaped leaves
Term
tundra
Definition
extremely cold biome
Term
permafrost
Definition
soil of the tundra that is frozen soil
Term
water vapor
Definition
invisible water gas in the air
Term
ground water
Definition
water that fills cracks and spaces in the underground soil
Term
water cycle
Definition
process by which water moves through living and non living parts of the environment
Term
evaporation
Definition
molecules of liquid absorbs energy and change to gaseous state
Term
transpiration
Definition
water given off through leaves as water vapor
Term
precipitation
Definition
process of liquid water falling back to Earth's surface
Term
irrigation
Definition
supplying water to an area to make it suitable from growing crops
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
process by which a plant makes food
Term
habitat
Definition
place where organism lives
Term
tributary
Definition
small streams and rivers that feed into a main river
Term
watershed
Definition
large area that supplies water to a river system
Term
divide
Definition
one watershed separated from another by a ridge of land
Term
levee
Definition
deposit build up into a long ridge
Term
reservoir
Definition
a lake that stores water fro human use
Term
eutrophication
Definition
nutrients buildup in a lake
Term
pore
Definition
different sized spaces between particles of rock and soil
Term
impermeable
Definition
materials that don't easily allow water to pass through
Term
permeable
Definition
materials that easily allow water to pass through
Term
saturated zone
Definition
the area of permeable rocks or soil that is totally filled
Term
water table
Definition
top of a saturated zone
Term
unsaturated zone
Definition
the layer of rock and soil above the water table
Term
aquifer
Definition
any underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water
Term
spring
Definition
the water table meets the ground surface, and ground water flows out of cracks
Term
recharge
Definition
new water that enters the aquifer from the surface
Term
artesian well
Definition
a well in which water rises because of pressure within an aquifer
Term
wetland
Definition
an area of land that is covered with a shallow layer of water
Term
water quality
Definition
a measurement of the substance in water
Term
pH
Definition
a measurement of how acidic or basic it is , scale 0-14
Term
hardness
Definition
the level of two minerals - calcium and magnesium - in water
Term
concentration
Definition
the amount of one substance in a certain volume of another
Term
filtration
Definition
the process of passing water through a series of screens
Term
flocs
Definition
a chemical such as alum is added to cause sticky globs
Term
coagulation
Definition
process by which particles in a liquid clump together, a step in the water treatment process
Term
sewage
Definition
water with human waste
Term
sludge
Definition
disposed of fine solids that settle out from waste water
Term
septic tank
Definition
underground tank containing bacteria that treats waste water as it passes through
Term
leach field
Definition
ground area around a septic tank
Term
drought
Definition
a water shortage
Term
conservation
Definition
using resources wisely
Term
desalination
Definition
obtaining fresh water from salt water
Term
water pollution
Definition
adding subatance4s that have negative effect on water
Term
point source
Definition
specific source of pollution that can be identified
Term
non point source
Definition
widely spread source of pollution
Term
id rain
Definition
rain that is more acidic than normal
Term
pesticie
Definition
a chemical to kill insects
Term
hydroelectric power
Definition
power made from moving water
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