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| The Arabic name for Jerusalem |
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| Literally "walk-around" -- an architectural passageway allowing individuals to circumambulate a shrine or holy place. |
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| Literally "ring-like" -- a building plan composed of concentric rings around a central space |
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| A miraculous beast, part eagle, part lion and part human, that took Muhammad on the journey known as the miraj |
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| The religious act of walking around a shrine or holy place |
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| The three post-and-lintel systems of ancient Greece: the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian architectural orders |
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| In architecture, a row or line of columns |
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| a ritual pilgrimage to Mecca |
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| in practice, the mistrust of images -- in religion, a belief that artistic images of people and animals are actually or potentially sinful or idolatrous. |
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| the favoring of images -- in religion, a belief in the sanctity or holiness of some figural images of holy individuals or creatures. |
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| Literally "submission" -- religion revealed by the prophet Muhammad in Arabia in the early 7th century CE |
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| In Islam, the miraculous journey of the Prophet Muhammad to heaven and hell |
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| Use of small bits of colored stone or glass, known as tesserae, to form pictorial or decorative works of art |
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| From the Arabic masjid, a "community prayer hall." In the Arab world a mosque is often a hall with a flat roof held by rows of columns (hypostyle: "many columns") oriented toward Mecca |
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| The early 7th-century CE prophet of Islam |
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| Literally, "one who submits" -- a believer in Islam |
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| The direction toward the Sacred Mosque in Mecca, today in Saudi Arabia, toward which all Muslims face when they pray. |
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| Literally-- "recitations" --the scriptures of the religion of Islam |
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| The five daily prayers prescribed for all devout Muslims |
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| In the history of art, the combining of pre-existing artistic traditions into a new synthesis. |
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| In Islam, the profession of faith: "There is no God but God, and Muhammad is His prophet." |
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