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Terminology
VT 9B Terms or midterm
141
Veterinary Medicine
Not Applicable
03/26/2013

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Term
Fluoroscopy
Definition
the procedure used to visually examine internal body structures in motion using radiation
Term
Anode
Definition
a positively charged electrode which acts as a target for the electrons from the cathode
Term
Cathode
Definition
a negatively charged electrode that provides a source of electrons
Term
Emulsion
Definition
a layer of radiographic film made of gelatin containing suspended silver halide crystals
Term
Radiolucent
Definition
material which is less dense allowing more x-ray beams to penetrate(air and soft tissue)
Term
Radiopaque
Definition
material which is more dense allowing fewer x-ray beams to penetrate(hard tissue and bone)
Term
Pneumocystogram
Definition
negative contrast radiographic technique evaluating the urinary bladder
Term
Myelogram
Definition
a radiographic contrast study which evaluates the space surrounding the spinal cord
Term
Collimator
Definition
a restricting device used to control the size of the primary beam
Term
Kilovoltage Peak(kVp)
Definition
the peak energy of the x-rays which determines the quality(penetrating power) of the x-ray beam
Term
Milliamperage(mA)
Definition
the amount of electrical energy passed through the filament. Describes the number of x-rays produced during the exposure
Term
Dosimeter
Definition
a device used to measure radiation exposure to personnel
Term
Anechoic
Definition
no echos detected. ultrasound image is black
Term
Hypoechoic
Definition
few echos detected. ultrasound image is low-level gray
Term
Hyperechoic
Definition
many echos detected.ultrasound image is bright white
Term
Focal spot
Definition
small area of the target with which electrons collide on the anode
Term
Target
Definition
the anode
Term
Heel effect
Definition
a decrease of x-ray intensity on the anode side of the x-ray beam, caused by the anode target angle
Term
Inverse Square Law
Definition
as the distance from the x-ray beam source is increase, the x-ray becomes less intense
Term
Santes Rule
Definition
a method of estimating kilovoltage in reaction to area thickness.
Term
Tube
Definition
the part of the machine that houses the anode and cathode, where the x-rays are produced.
Term
Etiology
Definition
the cause of disease
Term
Pathogenesis
Definition
the manner in which diseaese develops. This includes the entire sequence of events which occur from the time of contact with etiologic agent(infectious disease) until death
Term
Morbidity
Definition
The state of being diseased. Healthy vs. Diseased
Term
Mortality
Definition
Death resulting from the disease. Diseased vs. Dead
Term
Clinical signs
Definition
objective evidence of disease and/or specific recognizable abnormalities
Term
Symptom
Definition
spoken complaint
Term
Pathognomonic
Definition
signs which are diagnostic of the disease
Term
Diagnosis
Definition
the determination of the disease producing condition
Term
Therapy
Definition
management and care of a patient combating a disease process
Term
Prognosis
Definition
the probable result or outcome of a disease
Term
Prophylaxis
Definition
prevention of disease
Term
Nosocomial
Definition
Infection aquired from the hospital or clinic
Term
Endogenous
Definition
from within
Term
Exogenous
Definition
from without
Term
Congenital
Definition
Born with
Term
Heritable
Definition
passable trait
Term
Idiopathic
Definition
unknown cause
Term
Iatrogenic
Definition
disease which is produced by the doctor or staff
Term
Hypertrophy
Definition
Enlargement of tissue by enlargement of individual cells
Term
Atrophy
Definition
shrinkage of tissue by shrinkage of individual cells
Term
Hyperplasia
Definition
enlargement of tissue by proliferation of cells
Term
Neoplasia
Definition
abnormal growth of new tissue
Term
Carcinoma
Definition
malignant tumor of epithelial origin
Term
Sarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of conncective tissue origin
Term
Metastasis
Definition
movement of a malignant tumor from its original site to a distant site in the body
Term
Malignancy
Definition
having the characteristics of disordered, uncontrolled growth, metastisis and invasiveness
Term
Cancer
Definition
having the characteristics of malignancy
Term
Chemotherapy
Definition
use of drugs as a therapy
Term
Five R's
Definition
Right patient, right drug, right route, right dose, right time
Term
Cancellous bone is called?
Definition
spongy bone or trabecular bone
Term
Pneumatic bone
Definition
a bone which contains an air-filled sinus cavity
Term
Synarthrosis
Definition
immovable joint
Term
Diarthrosis
Definition
Freely movable joint, knee
Term
Amphiarthrosis
Definition
slightly movable
Term
Vertebral formula
Definition
c-7,t-13,l-7,s-3,cy-0-23
Term
The third metacarpal on a horse is also known as....
Definition
the cannon bone
Term
Fetlock
Definition
the joint on a horse between the distal cannon bone and the proximal long pastern
Term
Radius and uln are..
Definition
the paired bones on the forelimb
Term
Tibia and fibula are..
Definition
the paired bones of the hindlimb
Term
Hock
Definition
common name for the tarsal joint
Term
Stifle
Definition
joint between the femur and tibia
Term
open and compound fracture is..
Definition
a fracture which occurs with a break in the skin(bone protruding through the skin)
Term
Comminuted
Definition
a fracture in which the bone is fragmented into many small pieces
Term
Arthrodesis
Definition
fusion of a joint
Term
Trephine
Definition
instrument is used to create a hole in bone
Term
Greenstick
Definition
type of fracture most common in immature animals
Term
Osteotomy
Definition
incision into bone
Term
Tendons
Definition
connect muscle to bone, is made up of dense collagen
Term
My/o
Definition
root word for muscle
Term
Histology
Definition
study of tissue
Term
Epithelial
Definition
tissue which covers a structure
Term
Endothelial
Definition
tissue which lines a structure
Term
Angonist
Definition
turns on cell receptors
Term
Antagonist
Definition
turns off cell receptors
Term
Os Coxae
Definition
Made up of the ilium, ischium, acetabulum, and pubis
Term
Ligament
Definition
Holds bone to bone
Term
Contraindication
Definition
reasons why you wouldn't give a medication
Term
Parenteral
Definition
anything that doesn't go through the mouth
Term
Pharmacokinetics
Definition
the way drugs move through the body
Term
Pharmacodynamics
Definition
The action that drugs have
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
wide end of bone,composed of cancellous bone and covered with articular cartilage
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
Shaft of long bone, composed primarily of compact bone
Term
Periosteum
Definition
tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outer covering of bone
Term
Origin
Definition
fixed portion of a muscle that does not move much
Term
Aponeurosis
Definition
a broad sheet like tendon
Term
Insertion
Definition
end of muscle, more movement
Term
Fascia
Definition
tissue that covers,supports, or separates muscles
Term
Adduction
Definition
moving toward the midline
Term
Abduction
Definition
moving away from the midline
Term
Flexor
Definition
make the angel of the muscle smaller
Term
Extensor
Definition
make the muscle angel bigger
Term
Endosteum
Definition
tough fibrous tissue that forms the lining of the medullary cavity
Term
Sacroiliac
Definition
joint of the sacrum and ilium
Term
Palmar
Definition
means the caudal surface of the front paw
Term
Plantar
Definition
means the caudal surface of the rear paw
Term
Actin
Definition
light bands called I bands made up of actin filaments,thin filament
Term
Myosin
Definition
Dark bands called A bands and are made of myosin filaments,thick filament
Term
Sarcomere
Definition
contractile unit of a muscle fiber
Term
Myofibrils
Definition
made up of actin and myosin filaments
Term
serum
Definition
is the liquid portion of blood with clotting proteins removed
Term
Plasma
Definition
is the straw colored fluid portion of blood that transports nutrients,hormones, and waste products. contains clotting proteins
Term
Granulocyte
Definition
is a cell that contains prominent grainlike structures in its cytoplasm
Term
Agranulocyte
Definition
is a cell that does not contain prominent grainlike structures in its cytoplasm
Term
Poikilocytosis
Definition
condition of irregular cells
Term
Anisocytosis
Definition
condition of unequal cell size
Term
Polychromasia
Definition
condition of many colors, that appears as an overall blue tint of Wright-stained RBC's due to shrinking of the cell membrane; indicates slight immaturity of the erythrocyte
Term
Thrombocytopenia
Definition
abnormal decrease in the number of clotting cells.
Term
Leukopenia
Definition
deficiency of white blood cells; sometimes called leukocytopenia
Term
Anemia
Definition
blood condition of less-than-normal levels of red blood cells and/ or hemoglobin
Term
Hemostasis
Definition
is the act of controlling blood or bleeding
Term
Buffy Coat
Definition
layer that appears at the interface of the erythrocytes and plasma
Term
Coagulopathy
Definition
any disorder of blood coagulation.
Term
Exudate
Definition
fluid with a high content of protein and cellular debris which has escaped from the blood vessels and has been deposited in tissue or on tissue surfaces.
Term
Serous
Definition
pertaining to serum; thin and watery, like serum
Term
Serosanguineous
Definition
composed of serum and blood
Term
Purulent
Definition
containing or forming pud
Term
Ischemia
Definition
deficiency of blood in a part, due to functional constriction or actual obstruction of a blood vessel
Term
Hemmorrhagic
Definition
Pertaining to bleeding or the abnormal flow of blood.
Term
Sprain
Definition
damage or injury to ligaments and tendons
Term
Strain
Definition
injury or damage of a muscle
Term
Costa(ribs)
Definition
connect to the thoracic and the sternum
Term
Flat bones
Definition
scapula, pelvis, skull, ribs,and sternum
Term
Bones containing teeth
Definition
mandible(lower jaw),maxilla(upper jaw), incisive
Term
Bones of the face
Definition
zygomatic, lacrimal, nasal
Term
Bones of the cranium
Definition
occipital(back of head), temporal(side of head), parital(roof and upper sides), frontal(forhead)
Term
Hyoid Apparatus
Definition
holds the tongue in place and supports the larnex
Term
Manubrium sternum
Definition
crainal part of the rib
Term
Xiphoid process
Definition
landmark for CPR
Term
Forelimb
Definition
scapula,humerus,radius,ulna,carpus,metacarpus,phalanges
Term
Hindlimb
Definition
Pelvis,femur,tibia,fibula,tarsus,metatarsus,phalanges
Term
Pattella
Definition
Knee cap-sesamoid bones
Term
Fabella
Definition
back of knee cap-sesamoid
Term
Temporomandibular joint
Definition
between the ramus of the mandible and the temporal bone of the skull
Term
Mandibular symphysis
Definition
fibrous joint between two halves of the mandible
Term
Scapulohumeral(shoulder joint)
Definition
between the scapula amd the hunerus
Term
Coxofemoral(hip joint)
Definition
between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the os coxae
Term
Stifle joint(knee)
Definition
distal femur and the tibia
Term
Cruciate ligament
Definition
a crossed pair of ligaments between the femur and tibia
Term
Tibiotarsal joint(hock)
Definition
between the malleolar region of the dista tibia and the trochlea of the talus
Term
Equine leg
Definition
scapula,femur,fibula,tibia,carpus,cannon,long pastern,short pastern,coffin
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