Term
| Characteristics of a Chordate |
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Definition
1)Notochord
2)Dorsal hollow nerve cord
3)Pharyngeal gill slits |
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Term
| Amphioxus defining traits: |
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Definition
Notochord
Nerve cord
Pharyngeal gills |
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Term
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Definition
1) Cephalized
2) Neurogenic placodes (form sensory receptors)
3) Three part brain
4) Vertebral Column connected to brain
5) Gills, gill arches, jaws
6) Digestive and absorptive organs
7) Multichambered heart
8) Excretory System
9) Multichambered heart
10) Endocrine organs
11) Embryonic Neural crest forms
12) |
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Term
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Definition
Agnatha
Raspers
Marine
Serial hermaphroditism |
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Term
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Definition
Keratinized teeth on tongue
Piston cartilage (synapomorphy)
Buccal funnel (synapomorphy)
Notochord (Vert pleisiomorphy)
Neural arches (Vert pleisiomorphy)
Anadromous (go from sea to fresh for spawning)
Anaspida (fin homologs, diagonal gill pouches) |
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Term
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Definition
| Fin homologs Diagonal gill pouches No head shield |
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Term
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Definition
Jawed fish
Placoderms, Chondrichtyes, Acanthodians
Actinopterygii, Sarcopterygii |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Thelodonti and Galeaspida |
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Term
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Definition
Paired pectoral fins
Bronchial openings
Micromeric scales like gnathostomes |
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Term
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Definition
Paired nostrils
Gill slits
Gill arches for each gill
Jaws (mandibular and hyoid arch)
Paired fins
3 semicircular ducts |
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Term
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Definition
Hagfish
Lamprey
Chondrichtyes
Actinopterygii
Sarcopterygii |
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Term
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Definition
| Chondrichtyes and Placoderms |
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Term
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Definition
Sit and wait predators
Joint between head and trunk
Lack teeth
Small denticles
Vertebral neural and hemal arches
Dorsal eyes |
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Term
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Definition
Calcified cartilage
Placoid scales
Ceratotrichia (fin ray bundles)
Claspers on males
Ovoviviparous
Viviparous
Ampullae of Lorenzini
Subterminal mouth |
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Term
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Definition
Rays and skates
Durophagy (consumes hard shelled animals)
Dorsoventral flattening |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Spiny sharks
Terminal mouth
Bony opercula
Partly ossified internal skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Ray-finned and Lobe-finned fish
Bony fish
Reduced surface armor
Loss of spiracle
Lungs grow from pharynx floor
Swim bladder from lungs
Lepidotrihcia (bony fin rays) |
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Term
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Definition
Ray finned fish
1 dorsal fin
Ganoid scales
Paddlefish and Sturgeons |
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Term
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Definition
Tarpon, eels, herring, carp, piranhas, catfish
Homocercal tail |
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Term
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Definition
Muscular fins
Paired fins
Two dorsal fins
Two ventral fins
Diphycercal tail |
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Term
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Definition
Coelacanth
Lungfish
Amphibians
Reptilomorphs |
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Term
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Definition
Porolepiformes
Breathe with gills or lungs
Fins have central axes (can walk)
Partially ossified skeleton
Autostylic jaw
Internal nares (air breathers) |
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Term
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Definition
Choanae (internal nares)
Glenoid fossa (shoulder is convace for walking)
Rhizodontiformes and Elpistotigidae |
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Term
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Definition
Osteolepiformes
Skull bones
Paired appendages |
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Term
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Definition
Lossof dorsal and anal fins
Sister to tetrapods |
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Term
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Definition
Dactylous Limbs
Vertebral column
Pectoral and pelvic girdles |
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Term
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Definition
Pentadactly
Amphibia
Reptilomorpha |
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Term
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Definition
Turtles
Lepidosaurs
Crocodillians
Birds
Mammals |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Gnathostome sister taxa
Large head shield and surface armor
Perichondral and Cellular bone
Bone and dentine head plates
Benthic predator
Developed brain and cranial nerves
Lateral eyes
Pineal eye
Inner ear with semicircular canals
Cephalic fields |
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