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Syntax Flashcards
N/A
49
English
11th Grade
11/02/2011

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Cards

Term
Subject
Definition
Person, place, thing, or idea
Term
Predicate
Definition
action taken by subject
Term
phrases (definition)
Definition
a group of words which does not contain a verb
Term
types of phrases (3)
Definition
prepositional, appositive, verbal
Term
prepositional phrase
Definition
phrase that has a preposition, its object (a noun) and modifier
Term
appositive phrase
Definition
noun/pronoun that identifies or renames a noun/pronoun
Term
verbal phrase (definition)
Definition
verb acting as another part of speech
Term
participial
Definition
verb form functioning as adjective
Term
infinitive
Definition
verb for beginning with "to" plus its modifiers and compliments
Term
gerund
Definition
verb for that ends in -ing and functions as a noun
Term
Clause
Definition
a group of words that contains a subject and a verb
Term
independent clause
Definition
a complete thought which can stand on its own
Term
dependent
Definition
cannot stand alone as a sentence
Term
simple (sentence)
Definition
sentence including a subject and predicate
Term
compound
Definition
sentence containing two independent clauses joined by conjunction or semi-colon
Term
complex
Definition
sentence containing one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses
Term
compound-complex
Definition
sentence containing two or more independent clauses and one dependent clause
Term
declarative
Definition
sentence that makes a statement
Term
imperative
Definition
sentence that gives a command
Term
exclamatory
Definition
sentence that makes an exclamation
Term
interrogative
Definition
sentence that asks a question
Term
rhetorical
Definition
sentence that asks a question without needing an answer or the answer is obvious
Term
natural/basic
Definition
sentence with subject prior to the predicate
Term
inverted
Definition
predicate comes before subject
Term
loose
Definition
expresses subject at/near beginning and adds modifying elements
Term
periodic
Definition
expresses subject closer to the period
Term
interrupted
Definition
sentence with dashes used to set apart subordinate elements
Term
parallel
Definition
sentence with structural similarity so that elements of equal importance have equal development
Term
balanced
Definition
sentence constructed to emphasize similarity/difference between two parts
Term
parallelism
Definition
grammatically similar construction --> rhythm and emphasis
Term
isocolon
(isocotton)
Definition
triple item of equal and parallel length
Term
antithesis
Definition
two ideas which are directly opposed presented in a grammatically similar way for balance
Term
juxtaposition
Definition
purposeful placement of things side-by-side
Term
paradox
Definition
statement that seems self-contradictory but may contain an underlying truth.
Term
oxymoron
Definition
juxtaposes two opposite or contradictory words --> emphasis (and dramatic paradox? can't read my own writing)
Term
listing
Definition
series of items in a meaningful sequence
Term
transition
Definition
Rhythmic passage from one sentence to the next
Term
ellipsis
Definition
omission of one or more words for conciseness and drama
Term
asyndeton
Definition
omission of conjuction before the last item in a series
Term
apposition
Definition
placing side-by-side of nouns for clarification
Term
parenthesis
Definition
a word, clause, or phrase inserted as an afterthought or explanation
Term
polysyndeton
Definition
inserting extra conjunctions in a sentence
Term
anaphora
Definition
repetition of initial word or phrase in a series of clauses or phrases
Term
epistrophe
Definition
purposeful repetition of the end word or phrase in a series of clauses or phrases
Term
anadiplosis
Definition
the concluding word of a sentence or clause becomes the first word of the next sentence or clause
Term
epanalepsis
Definition
opening and closing a sentencec with the same word or phrase
Term
antimetabole
Definition
repeating words in reverse order for surprise and emphasis
Term
chiasmus
Definition
similar to antimetabole, but reverses grammatical elements rather than just words
Term
Syntax
Definition
the arrangement of words into sentences used by the author to convey tone, purpose, or effect
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