Term
| What structures can be retraced to view structures in the RIGHT gutter of the abdomen? |
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Definition
Duodenum and mesoduodenum
(pull them to the left, remember this looks opposite because the animal is on its back) |
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Term
| What structures can be retracted to view structures in the LEFT gutter? |
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Definition
Descending colon and mesocolon
(Pull them to the right, remember this looks opposite because the animal is on its back) |
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Term
| What are the 4 vessels (aa & vv) that must be ligated when preforming a SPLENECTOMY? |
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Definition
1. Splenic a. and v.
2. Left gastroepiploic aa. & vv.
3. Omental aa. & vv.
4. Short gastric aa. & vv. |
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Term
| There are 4 major vessels that must be ligated when preforming a splectomy, but this is often done as FIVE liagations. Which set of vessels is often split and requires two sets of ligations? |
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Definition
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Term
| When preforming a splenectomy, what structure inhibit visualization of splenic vessels? |
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Definition
| Omentum - needs to open omental bursa to be able to identify the splenic vessels |
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Term
| What are the alternative splectomy methods? |
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Definition
- Use of LDS Surgical Stapler
- Use of Hemoclips |
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Term
| What is the path of bile through the biliary system (and Liver) ? |
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Definition
Interlobular ducts
Lobar hepatic ducts
Bile duct >> cystic duct >> gallbladder
excreted into proximal duodenum through bile duct |
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Term
| How many liver lobes does a dog have? |
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Definition
6
Caudate, Quadrate, Right lateral, Right medial, Left medial, Left lateral |
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Term
| The gallbladder is located between which liver lobes in the dog? |
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Definition
| Right medial and Quadrate lobes |
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Term
| Which lobe of the liver has a papillary and caudate process? |
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Definition
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Term
Which vessel is more dorsal in relation to the liver?
A) Caudal vena cava
B) Hepatic artery
C) Portal vein |
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Definition
| Answer: A) Caudal vena cava |
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Term
Which vessel is more dorsal in relation to the liver?
A) Caudal vena cava
B) Hepatic artery
C) Portal vein |
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Definition
| Answer: A) Caudal vena cava |
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Term
| Afferent vascular supply to the LIVER is 80% venous. What structures does this blood come from and what Vein then feeds into the liver? |
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Definition
Venous return from PANCREAS, STOMACH, SPLEEN, & INTESTINES
they are carried to the liver via the PORTAL VEIN |
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Term
| How is arterial blood supplied to the liver? |
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Definition
Celiac Artery
which feeds into the common hepatic arteries > proper hepatic arteries which supplies the liver lobes |
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Term
| What is the path of venous drainage FROM the LIVER to the VENA CAVA? |
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Definition
| Cetral veins >> Interlobular veins >> Hepatic veins >> Vena Cava |
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Term
| What is the maximum thickness of the liver that can be removed in a liver PUNCH biopsy? |
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Definition
| Don't exceed more than 50% of the thickness of the liver when preforming a punch biopsy |
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Term
| Which surgical instruments should be used when extracting a punch biopsy of the liver? |
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Definition
DeBakey forceps - grasp the sample
Metzembaum scissors - to trim base of the sample
(then control bleeding with a gelfoam sponge) |
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Term
What type of suture material should be used when preforming a Guillotine suture biopsy on the LIVER?
What type of sutures are used to close this? |
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Definition
Absorbable suture material with good knot security
- Use overlapping guillotine sutures to close this |
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Term
| What are the layers of the kidney (from outermost to innermost)? |
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Definition
Outermost-
- Fibrous capsule
- cortex
- medulla
- renal pelvis - Innermost |
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Term
| What can be done to facilitate proper identification of the renal artery and vein when preforming a nephrectomy? |
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Definition
| Flip the kidney over medially because the renal artery and vein are on the dorsal surface of the renal hilus |
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Term
| Which surgical instrument is best to facilitate safe dissection and isolation of renal blood vessels? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why should the Renal artery be ligated first THEN the vein? |
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Definition
| They should be ligated SEPARATELY to prevent potential A-V fistula formation |
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Term
| What should you keep in mind when preforming a nephrectomy on an INTACT dog? |
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Definition
| The LEFT ovarian and testicular veins drain into the renal vein, and should not be ligated in this intact animals |
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Term
| When the caudal portion of the ureter is mobilized (when preforming a nephrectomy), what structure should you be careful not to disrupt as you approach the urinary bladder? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why would you ligate the renal Artery before the vein when preforming a nephrectomy? |
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Definition
| If you allow the artery to remain intact, the kidney will continue to fill with blood and become more congested making it more difficult when removed. |
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Term
| When you are using electrocautery, when do you activate the button: before or after touching the forceps? |
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Definition
AFTER
Touch forceps and THEN press the button |
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