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| A scientist who studies objects in the universe including the stars, planets, and moons. |
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| An imaginary line around which a sphere, like a planet, rotates. |
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| Dipper A group of seven bright stars in the shape of a dipper. |
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| hole A region in space without light that has a strong gravitational pull. A black hole is caused by the collapse of stars. |
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| directions The four main points on a compass: north, south, east, and west. |
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| A tool used to determine directions. |
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| A group of stars humans observe in a pattern and give a name. |
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| A word used to describe the curved shape of the visible part of the Moon before and after a new Moon. |
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| A set of events or actions that repeat in a predictable pattern. |
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| The time between sunrise and sunset on Earth when it is light. |
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| One of the four cardinal directions. The point where the Sun rises. |
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| Moon A phase of the Moon in the lunar cycle halfway between a new Moon and a full Moon. The Moon appears to be a “half Moon” as seen from Earth. |
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| Moon A phase of the Moon in the lunar cycle when all of the sunlit side of the Moon is visible from Earth. |
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| A group of billions of stars. Earth is in the Milky Way galaxy. |
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| A word used to describe the Moon when it appears to be more than half but less than full. |
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| A force that pulls objects toward each other. |
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| The apparent boundary between Earth’s surface and the sky. |
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| cycle The 4-week period during which the Moon orbits Earth one time and goes through all of its phases. |
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| To make an object appear larger in size. |
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| Anything that takes up space and has mass. |
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| Way One of the billions of galaxies that make up the universe. The Sun is one of the billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy. |
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| Earth’s natural satellite. |
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| Moon The phase of the Moon in the lunar cycle when the sunlit side of the Moon is not visible from Earth. |
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| The time between sunset and sunrise on Earth when it is dark. |
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| One of the four cardinal directions. |
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| A building that protects telescopes. Observatories are often found on mountain peaks above the dust and pollution in the air. |
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| To move or travel around an object in a curved path. Earth orbits the Sun. The Moon orbits Earth. |
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| The shape of the visible part of the Moon. |
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| A large, celestial body orbiting a star. |
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| A theater with a dome-shaped ceiling that represents the sky. Planets, stars, and galaxies can be projected on the inside of the dome. |
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| To estimate accurately in advance based on a pattern or previous knowledge. |
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| To bounce off an object or surface. Light reflects from the Moon. |
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| An object, such as a moon, that orbits another object, such as a planet. |
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| The four times during the year that bring predictable weather conditions to a region on Earth. The four seasons are spring, summer, fall, and winter. |
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| The dark area behind an object that blocks light. |
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| system The Sun and the planets and other objects that orbit the Sun. |
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| One of the four cardinal directions. |
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| A huge sphere of hydrogen and helium that radiates heat and light. The Sun is a star. |
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| The star around which Earth and other planets orbit. |
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| The time of day when the Sun is coming over the horizon in the east. |
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| The time of day when the Sun is going below the horizon in the west. |
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| An optical instrument that makes objects appear closer and larger. |
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| Moon The phase of the Moon in the lunar cycle halfway between the full Moon and the new Moon. The Moon appears from Earth to be a “half Moon.” |
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| eyes Looking at something without the use of a telescope or microscope. |
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| One of the four cardinal directions. The point where the Sun sets. |
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