Term
| chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| denial, rationalization, intelelctualization, projection |
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Term
| patients state that they do not have a problem with drug use despite evidence to the contrary |
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Definition
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Term
| abusers attempt to justify the reasons for their abuse of substances |
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Definition
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Term
| : person focuses only on objective facts as a way of avoiding dealing with unconscious conflicts and the emotions they evoke |
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Definition
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Term
| : shifting blame onto someone/something else |
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Definition
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Term
| _ is a critical sign of withdrawal accompained by _ in the legs or a _ |
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Definition
| hypertension, fluid retenention, protuberant abdomen swollen by liver ascites |
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Term
| _ and other neurologic signs are significant with withdrawal, may also be associated with nutritional deficits |
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Definition
| Anxiety, confusion, irritability, memory loss, tremors, lack of coordination, and other neurologic signs are significant |
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Term
| sensitive technology but may be very helpful in monitoring patients for relapse |
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Definition
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Term
| Most commonly abused drug in the United States |
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Definition
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Term
| a primary, chronic disease with psychosocial and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by continuous or periodic impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
concern by the person that there is a problem,
apparent to others that there is a problem,
grave consequences,
evidences of dependenc or tolerance |
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Term
| question to ask for "concern" of alcohol screening |
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Definition
| have you ever felt that you should cut down on your drinking |
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Term
| question to ask for "apparentness" of alcohol screening |
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Definition
| have you ever become annoyed by criticisms of your drinking |
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Term
| question to ask for "grave" of alcohol screening |
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Definition
| have you ever felt guilty about your drinking |
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Term
| question to ask for "evidence " of alcohol screening |
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Definition
| have you ever had a moring eye opener to get rid of a hangover |
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Term
| Simple intoxication from alcohol usually lasts less than _ and is followed by a hangover about _ later |
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Definition
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Term
| Physical addiction occurs when alcohol becomes integrated into physiologic processes at the |
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Definition
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Term
| Involves physiologic and behavioral symptoms that begin when the individual’s blood alcohol level drops |
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Definition
| alcohol withdrawal syndrome |
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Term
| the most life threatening withdrawal syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| AWS first stage: early withdrawal |
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Definition
| symptoms being 6-12 hours after last drink, can last a few days, symptoms include anxiety, agitation, irritability |
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Term
| if the pt does not drink during early withdrawl they will experience |
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Definition
| tremors, increased BP, pulse, temperature occur alone with sweating, nausea vomiting and diarrhea |
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Term
| AWS second stage: major withdrawal |
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Definition
| begins with seizures and hallucinations, can advace to life threatening delirium tremens(DTs) |
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Term
| DT’s can occur with withdrawal from |
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Definition
| barbiturates and benzodiazepines |
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Term
| aws second stage occurs about _ without alcohol and can be predictec from |
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Definition
3 days
extreme elevations in temperature, pulse, and blood pressure |
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Term
| hallucinations r/t AWS are often |
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Definition
| visual and animal in nature |
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Term
| complications of Alcoholism |
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Definition
| cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, GI bleeds, wernickes encephalopathy, Korsakoff’s psychosis, and fetal alcohol syndrome |
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Term
| wernicke's encephalopathy is due to |
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Definition
| vitamin b1 (thiamine) deficiency |
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Term
| symptoms of wernike's encphalopathy |
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Definition
| delirium, confabulation, unsteady gait, apprehension, altered levels of consciousness that can proceed to coma |
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Term
| if wernicke's encephalopathy is not properly treated with vitamin supplements _ may develop |
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Definition
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Term
| degernation of the cerebrum and the peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
| korsakoff's psychosis caused by thiamine and niacin deficiencies |
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Term
| symptoms of korsakoff's psychosis |
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Definition
| amnesia, confabulation, disorientation, and peripheral neuropathies |
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Term
| If woman drinks to excess throughout pregnancy, unborn child at risk for |
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Definition
| low birth weight, mental retardation, growth deficiencies, heart defects, facial malformations, learning disabilities, and hyperactivity |
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Term
| those who enable alcoholics are |
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Definition
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Term
| anxiolytics _ are most often used for alcohol detoxification, but also sedative/hypnotics _ |
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Definition
benzodiazepine – Ativan, Librium, Valium
phenobarbital, chloral hydrate |
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Term
| used to prevent seizures in rare cases of alcohol detoxification |
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Definition
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Term
| inpatient program lasts about |
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Definition
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Term
| Nonprofit, worldwide organization of alcoholics who meet anonymously in small groups to assist each other in staying sober. Based on 12 traditions |
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Definition
| Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) |
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Term
| Assists patients to identify triggers of substance use |
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Definition
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Term
| medications used to treat alcohol abuse |
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Definition
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Naltrexone hydrochloride (Revia)
antidepressants
angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors cuch as enalapril maleate(Vasotec) |
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Term
| stimulant psychoactive substances |
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Definition
Amphetamines (speed)
Cocaine
Crack |
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Term
| Depressant psychoactive substances |
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Definition
Sedatives
Hypnotics
Anxiolytics |
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Term
| Hallucinogen psychoactive substances |
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Definition
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide, or “acid”)
PCP (phencyclidine, or “angel dust”)
MDMA
(3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, known as “ecstasy,” “Molly,” or “Adam”)
Marijuana |
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Term
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Definition
Heroin
Morphine
Oxycodone (OxyContin)
Hydrocodone
Pentazocine (Talwin)
Methadone
Meperidine (Demerol) |
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Term
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Definition
| Paint, glue, aerosol sprays, typing correction fluid, and gasoline |
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Term
| Synthetic drugs especially designed to sidestep categorization with any of the drugs identified as illegal in the United States |
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Definition
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Term
| examples of desinger drugs |
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Definition
| Ecstasy (Adam), Eve, China White |
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Term
| Used in the treatmentof heroin addicts |
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Definition
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Term
| risk for sever _ in the event that heroin is injected while heroin is in the system |
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Definition
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Term
| A nonopiate antihypertensive drug that partially blocks withdrawal symptoms |
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Definition
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Term
| most problematic side effect of methadone |
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Definition
| sever constipation and profound sweating |
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Term
| An opioid antagonist that counteracts the dangerous respiratory depressant effects of heroin or other opiate overdose |
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Definition
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Term
| The controversy over methadone maintenance has resulted in the frequent use of _ as an alternative |
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Definition
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Term
| Problems seen in substance abusers of any kind include |
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Definition
| denial, poor impulse control, high risk for injury, high risk for relapse, guilt, and low self-esteem |
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Term
| Older adults more likely to abuse |
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Definition
| over-the-counter and prescription sleeping pills, pain medications, or tranquilizers |
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Term
| Consequences of alcohol abuse in older adults |
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Definition
| malnutrition, cirrhosis of the liver, bone thinning, gastritis, poor memory, decreased cognitive ability to process new information |
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Term
| If the older adult combines alcohol with any other medication that has central nervous system depressant effects, there is serious danger of |
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Definition
| over sedation, impaired responses, or respiratory depression |
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Term
| Patients diagnosed with a serious psychiatric illness and have a substance abuse problem |
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Definition
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Term
| The dually diagnosed usually have psychiatric illnesses of |
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Definition
| depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar illness |
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Term
| also included in medical problems identified as presenting special concerns in the event of a concurrent substance abuse problem |
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Definition
| Mental retardation and organic brain disease |
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Term
| Chronic drug or alcohol abuse may exacerbate an already fragile neurophysiology, producing |
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Definition
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Term
| four levels of substance abuse in the child |
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Definition
Experimentation
Controlled use
Abuse
Dependence |
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Term
| are common household products and alcohol that can be abused to achieve an altered state of consciousness, or “high” |
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Definition
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Term
| examples of gateway substances |
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Definition
Cleaning fluid
Glue
Lighter fluid
Paints
Shoe polish |
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Term
Asthmatics children can have a serious reaction due to _ with use
of marijuana |
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Definition
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Term
| marijuana causes the person eo experience |
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Definition
Loss of inhibitions
Euphoria
Loss of coordination and direction |
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Term
| most commonly used opiates in adolescents |
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Definition
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Term
| heroin users are at risk for |
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Definition
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Term
| clues of children of lacoholics |
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Definition
Refusal to talk about family life
Poor grades or overachievement
Unusual need to please
Fatigue
Passive or acting-out behavior
Maturity beyond the child’s years |
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Term
| diagnosis of addiction is grouped into four categories |
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Definition
impared control
social ipairment,
risky use
pharmacologic crieria |
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Term
| Medical community considers drug addiction to be a chronic medical illness, like those with the following characteristics |
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Definition
Incurability
A genetic predisposition
A potential to be treated effectively only by total abstinence from the substance that the body cannot handle |
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Term
| blood alcohol level greater than _ requires treatment for overdose, at conecentrations greater than _ death is likely |
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Definition
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Term
| legal intoxication definitis vary from state to state but are commonly determined when a person's blood alcohol level is greater than |
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Definition
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Term
| drugs that are most likely to identifined thrugh urine drug screening |
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Definition
| amphetamines, barbiturate, benzodiazepines, cocaine, opiates, marijuana, phencyclidin, lysergic acid diethylamid, apioid analgesics, sedatics and stimulants |
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Term
| _ are monitored for liver function |
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Definition
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Term
| if the patient progresses to korsakoff psychosis _ is permanent |
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Definition
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Term
| patients must wait _ after discontinuing opioids before starting _ |
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Definition
| 7 to 10 days naltrexion (revia, depade) |
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Term
| do not use alcohol to cleanse injection sites if the patient is taking _ |
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Definition
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Term
| given IV for the treatment of overdose or disulfiram-alcohol reaction |
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Definition
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Term
| pt needs to wait _ after last drink before receiving first dose of antabuse |
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Definition
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Term
| disulfiram-alcohol reaction s&s |
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Definition
| flushing, headaches, nausea, sever vomiting, dizziness, confusion, hypotension leading to coma, convulsions or deaths |
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Term
| side effects of naltrexone |
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Definition
| nausea, headache, constipation, dizziness, nervousness, insomina, drowsiness, or anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| coffee, tea leaves, kola nuts and cocoa beans |
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Term
| withdrawl symptoms from coffeine include |
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Definition
| headache, fatigue, anxiety, irritability, depressed mood, difficulty concentration |
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Term
| not physcially addecting but can produc pysical symptoms of alter perceptions that are dreamlike, often with an altered sense of time and feeligns that one has attained special insight |
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Definition
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Term
| chronic lognterm reactions of LSD include |
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Definition
| psychosis, deprresion, paranoia, flashbacks |
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Term
| the person taking PCp may possess |
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Definition
| enormous strength and feel no pain |
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Term
| differs form other hallucinogens in that users experience a psychotic stat similar to that observed in schizophrenics |
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Definition
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Term
| prodcuts are usually inahled after bing placed in a plastic bag or other container that is placed over the nose and mouth |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms of individuals under the influence of inhalants |
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Definition
| nosebleeds, bloodshot eyes, infected lesions around the nose and mouth,s evere diorientation or unconsciousness |
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Term
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Definition
| progressive brain damage, asphyxiation, seizures, depressed bone marrow leading to aplastic anemia, liver or kidney damage or cardiac dysrhythmias |
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Term
| a highly addictive opioid that produces euphoria on IV use |
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Definition
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Term
| heroin withdrawal usually occurs _ after use |
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Definition
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Term
| risks of chronic use of heroin |
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Definition
| overdose, malnutrition, respiratory arrest, hepatitis b&c, HIV infections |
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Term
| symptoms of heroin withdrawal include |
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Definition
| tearing of the eyes, runny nose, goosefless, sweating, alternating fever and chills, muscle joint and pain, upset stomach, diarrhea, loss of papetite, restlessness, irritability |
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Term
| drugs that are generally obtained by prescription for anxiety or insomnia or are perchased illegally |
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Definition
| sedatives, hypnotics, aniolytics |
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Term
| symtpms of overdose ofurate w sedatives, hypnotics an aniolytics |
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Definition
| oversedation, resp depression, impaired coordination, brain damage |
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Term
| barbiturat overdose induces a |
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Definition
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Term
| very psychologically addictive, dose is gradually increased over time to prdocue the euphoria that is extremely pleasurable |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms of amphetamine use |
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Definition
| hyperactivity, irritability, combativeness, paranoia after extended use |
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Term
| long term use of methamphetamin may lead to symptoms such as |
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Definition
| insomnia, major mood swings, delusional behavior, extreme paranoia, repeated infection, missing and rotted teeth (meth mouth) skin sores and heart attack or stroke |
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Term
| large doses of methamphetamin can result in |
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Definition
| agitation, ches pain, heart attack, difficulty breathing, kidney damage or failure, paranoia, seizures and cardia arrest or coma |
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Term
| highly addictive alkaloid of the plant erythroxylum coca, whcihc grows mainly in peru and bolivia |
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Definition
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Term
| cocaine lasts about _ however reamins in the brain for about _ after use |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms of chronic cocain inhalation are |
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Definition
| runny nose, sniffles, freqent colds, weight loss, hyperactivity and damage to the nasal mucosa or septum |
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Term
| physical effects of cocaine |
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Definition
| constricts bloood vessels, dilates pupils, increases body temp, heart rate and blood pressure and causes headaches, abdominal pain and nausea and decreased appetite |
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Term
| antideprressants that help with impairment of the patients ability to experience pleasure |
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Definition
| antideprssants such as bupropionn, beta blockers such as propranolol hydrocloride or calcium channel blockers |
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Term
| an example of a synthetic type of heroin that acts in much the same way as heroin |
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Definition
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Term
| synthetic marijuana can cause users to experience |
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Definition
| catatonia, hypertension, seizures, anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations |
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Term
| "cravings" may stimulate feelings of |
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Definition
| restellessness, itching, hives, flushing and elevated BP |
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Term
| one drug used in treatment of heroin |
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Definition
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