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Sub-Saharan Africa
Notes for Final
41
Geography
Undergraduate 2
12/03/2012

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Cards

Term
How many people are living in this area?
Definition
809 Million people
Term
What is the yearly growth rate?
Definition
2.5%
Term
Sub Saharah Africa is the world's richest deposits of what
Definition
?Oil, gold, platinum, copper, and other minerals
Term
What is the tallest mountain, at 19,324 feet high
Definition
Mount Kilimanjaro
Term
What is the second tallest mountain? at 17,057 feet high
Definition
Mount Kenya
Term
What kind of climate is in the area?
Definition
Tropical climate, average temp of about 64 degrees
Term
Most of the rain comes from what?
Definition
Inter-tropical convergence zone
Term
What is the ITCZ
Definition
A band of atmospheric currents that circle the globe at the equator
Term
What makes significant contributions to global climate change and is also a main contributor to CO2 emissions
Definition
Deforestation
Term
Trees absorb CO2 as they photosynthesize, when trees are burned they release CO2 back into the atmosphere, this is called what
Definition
carbon sequestation
Term
How many out of 8 countries with the highest rates of deforestation are African
Definition
6
Term
What is the raising of economically useful trees, leading contributor to taking pressure off forests for fuel wood and construction material
Definition
A gro-forestry
Term
What are the leading causes of deforestation
Definition
farmland, fuel wood, and logging
Term
What provides food for only the farmers family and the surplus is sold
Definition
Subsistence Agriculture
Term
What is the raising of a wide array of crops and a few animals as livestock
Definition
Mixed Agriculture
Term
Crops grown to be sold is
Definition
Commercial Agriculture
Term
Africans previously used what (forests are cleared and cultivated for just 3 years and left to regrow)
Definition
Shifting Cultivation
Term
Countries of Mali and Niger want to damn what river for irrigation projects to help feed 26 mill people in 2 countries
Definition
Niger River
Term
Also known as herding, practiced by millions of Africans, but it is also leading to environmental issuessm
Definition
Pastorialism
Term
The process by which arid conditions spread to areas that were previously moist
Definition
Desertification
Term
What is the 200 to 400 mile wide band of arid grassland along the southern edge of the Sahara, and has undergone the most dramatic changes due to desertification
Definition
The Sarid
Term
What are some reasons for desertification
Definition
Low amount of rainfall, combined with fire and plowing
Term
If climate change diminishes crops, farmers become more dependent on what as a source of income
Definition
Bush meat
(wild game)
Term
What is helping combat poaching by creating jobs and money based on the survival of the natural wildlife
Definition
Ecotourism
Term
What was Africa called by European slave traders and colonizers
Definition
Dark Continent
Term
Where did the first human species evolve
Definition
Eastern Africa (Ethiopian Kenya Uganda)
Term
How long ago did People began cultivation
Definition
7000 years ago
Term
What were the names given stretches of coast
Definition
Gold Coast, Ivory Coast, Pepper Coast, Slave Coast
Term
When did the Portuguese create more brutal widespread slave trade
Definition
1530s
Term
What fueled Europe's Industrial Revolution
Definition
Slaves
Term
How many slaves died at sea
Definition
1/4 (3 mill)
Term
90% of slaves that arrived went to plantations where
Definition
South America and the Caribbean
Term
Number of current slaves is estimated at
Definition
from several million to 10 million
Term
What country was the first to gain their independence
Definition
Ghana
Term
Most early colonial administrations evolved out of what
Definition
private resource extracting corporations
Term
What country is the only one with a strong manufacturing base, smart investments in manufacturing industries that served the mining industry
Definition
South Africa
Term
Africa is what percentage urban
Definition
35%
Term
People in Africa view children as what
Definition
economic advantage and a spiritual link
Term
What is the major factor behind sub-saharan cities' growth
Definition
Migration
Term
In 1960 only 1 AFrican city had more than 1 million people, how many do now
Definition
52 as of 2009
Term
The largest sub-saharan city is what
Definition
Lagos Nigeria with a population of 11 to 13 million people
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