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Study Guide
Study guide for Bio.
17
Biology
12th Grade
12/09/2014

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Term
Free Energy
Definition
Energy that can be used to do work.
Term
Enthalpy
Definition
The amount of energy in a system.
Term
Entropy
Definition
Certain states are more likely for others.
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A catalyst; speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy (Ea) - enzyme is REUSABLE and a PROTEIN MOLECULE.
Term
Substrate
Definition
A reactant.
Term
Denature
Definition
At high temperatures, enzymes loose their shape.
Term
Inhibition
Definition
Turns an enzyme OFF.
Term
Activator
Definition
Turns an enzyme ON.
Term
Competitive Inhibition
Definition
Molecule blocks the active site.
Term
Allosteric (Noncompetitive Inhibition)
Definition
Molecule binds to somewhere other, changes shape of enzyme.
Term
Energy Coupling
Definition
Anytime an exergonic process is used to provide energy for an endergonic process.
Term
Endergonic Processes fall under...
Definition
Mechanical Work, Transport Work, Chemical Work, and Metabolic Rate
Term
Absolute
Definition
Total energy used up by one organism; most energy.
Term
Mass Specific
Definition
Energy used up per gram of body mass.
*divide the energy by # of grams*
Term
Free Energy Equation:
Definition
∆H = ∆G + T∆S (total = useful + useless)
Term
-∆G --> spontaneous (exergonic)

+∆G --> non-spontaneous (endergonic)
Definition
Term
ATP consists of...
Definition
3 Phosphates, Ribose, and Adenine
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