Term
Lorenz
-Geese _______ (form an attachment _______) within the first __ _____ after hatching |
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Definition
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Term
Harlow
-Separated Rhesus Separated Rhesus monkeys used cloth mother as safe base over mother with food _______ used _____ mother as safe base over mother with ____ |
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Definition
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Term
Schaffer
-Longitudinal study of __ infants from _-__ months. __________ behaviours monitored |
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Definition
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Term
Ainsworth
-________ situation - Controlled ____________ of reactions of baby when mother leaves and when they are left with a ________ |
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Definition
Strange
observation
stranger |
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Term
Van Ijzendoorn
-Meta-analysis of strange situation in _ countries
-_______ attachment type is universally most common but there are cultural ___________ in other styles |
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Definition
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Term
Melzoff and Moore
-Babies of only a few days/weeks old will _______ adult behaviour |
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Definition
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Term
Murray and Trevarthen
-Observation of a mother interacting with their child. When the mother stops interacting the child becomes __________ and try to _________ |
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Definition
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Term
Robertson and Robertson
-Babies separated from their mothers due to hospitalisation were studied. They were found to have the same pattern of behaviour - P______, d______, d__________ |
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Definition
Protest
Despair
Dettachment |
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Term
Bowlby
-44 delinquent thieves compared with other juveniles with emotional problems.
__/44 had affectionless psychopathy
__/44 had experienced separation from mothers in first ___ years of life |
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Definition
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Term
Goldfarb
-__ children raised in institutions from 6 months to _._ years compared to matched children who went straight into foster homes.
At age 3, 10 and 14, institutionalised group ______________ in IQ tests |
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Definition
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Term
Tizard and Hodges
-Ex _____________ children who had been adopted or returned to parents were compared.
Adopted children did ______ but both had difficulties forming _____________ with peers |
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Definition
institutional
better
relationships |
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Term
Curtiss
-Studied _____
-severely ________ and neglected
-never properly recovered
-_________ skills never developed |
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Definition
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Term
Kolochova
-Studied Czech twins
-kept in cellar by stepmother for _ years
-No negative long term effects
-so poor early circumstances can be successfully overcome
-Different to Genie because they were ________ during neglect |
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Definition
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Term
Rutter
Studied Romanian orphans who had very poor institutional care before being adopted in UK
-Children adopted before _ months old had no negative effects
-Children adopted between 6 and 24 months had IQs that were __ points lower
-Children adopted between 24 and __ months had IQs that were __ points lower |
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Definition
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Term
Selman and Jaquette
-Interviews of ___ 4-32 year-olds
-5 stages of friendship identified
3-7 - Play together
4-9 - Some help given
6-12 - __________ help
9-15 - ________ and sharing
12-adult - _______________ |
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Definition
225
Reciprocal
Intimacy
Interdependency |
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Term
Bigelow and La Gaipa
-Content analysis of children's (aged 6-14) stories about friendships
-3 stages of friendship identified
7-8 - ______/____ (friend lived nearby and has common tastes)
9-10 - _________ (friends with those who share values)
11-12 - __________ (understanding and sharing of info about self) |
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Definition
Reward/Cost
Normative
Empathetic |
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Term
Beneson
-Looked at social networks of friendships using ________/interviews with children
-Boys have more _________ networks and interested in group status
-Girls have _______, more intimate cliques and focus on two person relationships |
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Definition
sociogram
extensive
smaller |
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Term
Lever
-Interviewed __ year olds about friendship attitudes
-Girls like single best friend
-Girls openly show _________
-Girls worry about friendship ending
-Girls share personal info, boys share group rules
-Girls ____ likely to let someone else into the group |
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Definition
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Term
Dodge
-Observed _ year olds playing a game involving others joining in
-Popular children watched and waited to join in, making positive statements about the group, are co-operative and interact a lot with others
-________ children interrupted and disrupted game, are argumentative, _________ and don't co-operate
-Rejected children don't play in socially appropriate ways |
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Definition
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Term
Vaughn and Langlois
-Studied __ pre-school children using __________
-Significant ___________ between ratings of physical attractiveness and popularity (most noticeable for girls) |
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Definition
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Term
Kupersmidt and Coie
-_ year longitudinal study of ___ children
-Children identified as rejected at age 11:
__% more likely to truant/drop out from school at 18
__% more likely to be in trouble with police at 18
-__________ as a child is best predictor of negative outcomes |
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Definition
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