Term
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Definition
| Hierarchal arrangement of social groups based on control over resources. |
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Term
Stratification
4 Basic Principles |
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Definition
1. Trait of Society, not reflection of individuals
2. Carries over from generation to generation.
3. Universal, but variable (in amount and type)
4. It involves not just inequality, but the belief that it is fair |
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Term
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Definition
A change in position within the hierarchy.
Vertical - Up and Down - richer or pooer
Horizontal - change in position with no change in rank
Intragenerational - one life time
Intergenerational- throughout generations |
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Term
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Definition
Ascribed, social stratification
No mobility based on effort - all based on birth
Must marry inside caste - endogamous marriage |
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Term
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Definition
Social Stratification based on BOTH birth and individual efforts.
- involves personal choice |
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Term
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Definition
Social Stratification based on personal merit.
Struc-Func - views it as a promotor of efficiency and productivity. (vs. Caste which is more orderly but waists human potential) |
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Term
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Definition
the degree of consistency in a person's status
- Caste = very high consistency
- Class = less consistency |
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Term
| Structural Social Mobility |
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Definition
| Shift in social position of a large amount of people due to a change in society - and not so much the individual efforts. |
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Term
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Definition
Cultural beliefs that justify particular social arrangements.
Main Reason that hierarchy still exists.
e.g. poor ppl are lazy & rich ppl are smart |
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Term
| Plato beliefs on stratification. |
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Definition
Believed every culture considers some form of inequality fair.
(Ideology) |
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Term
| Marx beliefs on stratification. |
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Definition
Capitalist societies defend the wealth and power in the hands of the few, an our culture and institutions support this.
(Ideology) |
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Term
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Definition
Believed that survival of the fittest applies to people and their success level.
Weak become poor, Fit prosper. |
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Term
| Structural Functional Analysis of Stratification |
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Definition
Davis-Moore
- social stratification has beneficial consequences for the operation of society
- promotes people to do hard/important jobs by attaching rewards to these positions |
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Term
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Definition
opposes davis-moore
- opera vs. president ... how do we rank importantness
- ignore that social classes an prevent individual talent |
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Term
| Conflict Analysis of Stratification |
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Definition
Marx
- capitalist society reproduces the class structure with each new generation ( born & die in same class)
- keeps wealth in the hands of few & our culture suports this
Weber
- Marx is too simple
- must also consider Power, Social Status & Class.
(Socioeconomic Class)
(Agrarian - more emphasis on power and status)
(Industrialism - more emphasis on class) |
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Term
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Definition
WIth new technology
- inequality increases, then decreases
- Industrial societies, benefit from less inequitable societ
Industrial revolution =more equality
... as information era continues.. expect inequality to increase |
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Term
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Definition
| If we were all to be equal, we would need to mute all excellence. |
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Term
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Definition
Population divided into 5 groups of 20% based on income.
Top - almost half income, half wealth
Bottom- poor health, no assets & considerable debt |
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Term
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Definition
| Money + Other Assets - Debt |
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Term
| Relative vs. Absolute Poverty |
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Definition
Relative - in relation to other with more
Absolute - depravation of resources |
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Term
| Canadian Poverty Line means.. |
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Definition
| Spending (64%) (was 55%) of pre-tax income on food, shelter and clothing. |
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Term
| Politics & Values ( how the affect poverty) |
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Definition
General belief in meritocracy= belief that the poor are deficient and the rich are deserving.
- values that support individual responsibility cause negative views of poverty. |
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Term
| Opposing 3 Views of poverty |
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Definition
1. Poor are responsible - wont take advantage of opp.s
2. Culture of Poverty - cycle
3. Society is Responsible - loss of jobs etc. eliminate opp. |
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