Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury |
|
Definition
Cushing's ulcer
(increased ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion) |
|
|
Term
| Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns |
|
Definition
Curling's ulcer
(greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa) |
|
|
Term
| Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon |
|
Definition
| Skip lesions of Crohn's disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abdominal/descending aortic aneurysm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atrophy of the maxillary bodies |
|
Definition
Werknicke's Encephalopathy
(thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, and confusion) |
|
|
Term
| Ascending aortic aneurysm |
|
Definition
Marfan's syndrome
(idiopathic cystic medial degeneration) |
|
|
Term
Autosplenectomy
(fibrosis and shrinkage) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria associated with gastritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria associated with peptic ulcer disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria associated with stomach cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial meningitis in adults and elderly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacterial meningitis in newborns and kids |
|
Definition
GBS
S. Pneumoniae
Neisseria in kids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Spitz nevus
(most common in first 2 decades) |
|
|
Term
| Bleeding disorder with Gp1b deficiency |
|
Definition
Bernar-Soulier disease
(defect in platelet adhesion to vWF) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Supratentorial
Mets>astrocytoma/glioblastoma>meningioma>schwannoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Infratentorial: medulloblastoma in cerebellum
Supratentorial: craniopharyngioma in cerebrum |
|
|
Term
| Most common type of Breast cancer |
|
Definition
| Infiltrating ductal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fibrocystic change if young
Carcinoma if post menopause |
|
|
Term
| Most common benign breast tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common primary cardiac tumor in kids |
|
Definition
Rhabdomyoma
(often in Tuberous Sclerosis) |
|
|
Term
| Cardiac manifestation of lupus |
|
Definition
Libman-Sacks endocarditis
(nonbacterial, affecting both sides of mitral valve) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. mets
2. Myxoma (ball and valve in left atrium) |
|
|
Term
| Cerebellar tonsilar herniation |
|
Definition
Chiari malformation
(often presents with progressive hydrocephalus or syringomyelia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atrial fibrillation
(high risk of emboli) |
|
|
Term
| Chronic autoimmune atrophic gastritis |
|
Definition
| Pernicious anemia and increased risk of gastric cancer |
|
|
Term
| clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Osteoporosis
(Type 1 = post menopause, type 2 - elderly) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 21 hydroxylase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Most common congenital cardiac anomaly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia with a black liver |
|
Definition
Dubin-Johnson
(can't secrete conjugated bilirubin) |
|
|
Term
| Constrictive pericarditis in someone from developing world |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Constrictive pericarditis in someone from first world |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coronary artery involved in thrombosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Iodine deficit/hypothyroidism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. corticosteroid therapy
2. excess ACTH from pituitary
3. Small cell lung cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
TOF
TGA
Persistent truncus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Alzheimer's
Multiple Infarcts |
|
|
Term
| Demyelinating disease in young woman |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gram negative sepsis
obstetric complication
cancer
burn
trauma |
|
|
Term
| Most likely dietary deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zenker's
(diagnose with barium swallow) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
SCC worldwide
Adenocarcinoma in US |
|
|
Term
| Exotoxin mediated food poisoning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glomerulonephritis in adults |
|
Definition
| IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) |
|
|
Term
| most common Gynecologic malignancy |
|
Definition
Endometrial carcinoma in US
Cervical cancer worldwide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heart valve affected in bacterial endocarditis |
|
Definition
Rheumatic (mitral, possibly aortic as well)
IV drug use (tricuspid) |
|
|
Term
| Most common helminth infections in US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rupture of middle meningeal artery
(due to trauma, lentiform shape) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rupture of bridging veins
(crescent shape) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation
(results in CHF, bronze diabetes and increased risk of HCC) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cirrhotic liver
(associated with HBV and HCV) |
|
|
Term
| Most common hereditary bleeding disorder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hereditary harmless jaundice |
|
Definition
Gilbert's Syndrome
(benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirbuinemia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Reiter's Syndrome
Ulcerative Colitis
Psoriasis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
VSD
Tricuspid regurg
Mitral regurg |
|
|
Term
Hypercoaguability
endothelial damage
blood stasis |
|
Definition
| Virchow's triad leading to venous thrombosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Accidental excision during thyroidectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor) |
|
|
Term
| Most likely Infection secondary to blood transfusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most likely infections in chronic granulomatous disease |
|
Definition
S. Aureus
E. Coli
Aspergillus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. calcium (radiopaque)
2. Struvite ammonium = radiopaque due to proteus or staph infection
3. Uric acid (radiolucent) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Eisenmenger's syndrome from ASD, VSD, PDA
Results in pulmonary hypertension and polycythemia |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of Liver disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common lysosomal storage disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| malignancy associated with noninfectious fever |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common malignant skin tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common causes of mental retardation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
breast
lung
thyroid
testes
prostate
kidney |
|
|
Term
| Most common mets to brain |
|
Definition
Lung
breast
skin (melanoma)
kidney (RCC)
GI |
|
|
Term
| Most common mets to liver |
|
Definition
Colon
Gastric
Pancreatic
Breast
Lung |
|
|
Term
| Mitochondrial inheritance |
|
Definition
| disease occurs in both males and females but only inherited from mother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mixed UMN and LMN disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common neoplasms in kids |
|
Definition
ALL
Cerebellar medulloblastoma |
|
|
Term
| Most common nephrotic syndrome in adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common nephrotic syndrome in kids |
|
Definition
Minimal change disease
(associated with infections/vaccinations)
(treat with corticosteroids) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Kallmann syndrome
(hypotrophic hypogonadism) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Klebsiella
E. Coli
Pseudomonas |
|
|
Term
| Obstruction of male urinary tract |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Opportunistic infection in AIDS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Osteomyeleitis in IV drug user |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ovarian mets from gastric cancer or breast cancer |
|
Definition
Krukenberg tumors
(mucin secreting signet ring cells) |
|
|
Term
| Benign bilateral ovarian tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Serous cystadenocarcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Most common causes of acute pancreatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common causes of chronic pancreatitis |
|
Definition
Adult: Alcohol
Kid: Cystic Fibrosis |
|
|
Term
| Most likely demographic for ALL |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most likely demographic for CLL |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most likely demographic for AML |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most likely demographic for CML |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Philadelphia chromosome
9;22 |
|
Definition
CML
(may sometimes be associated with ALL/AML) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Prolactinoma
2. Somatotropic acidophilic adenoma (GH) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary bone tumor in adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary hyperalodsteronism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary hyperparathyroidism |
|
Definition
Adenoma
Hyperplasia
Carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HCC
(chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of pulmonary hypertension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small and medium vessels in extremities |
|
Definition
Buerger's disease
(related to smoking) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
RCC (from VHL or ADPKD)
(producing EPO, renin, PTH, or ACTH) |
|
|
Term
| Right heart failure due to a pulmonary cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increased ventricular filling
(L to R shunt, mitral regurg, LV failure of CHF) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle
(aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, longstanding uncontrolled HTN) |
|
|
Term
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism |
|
Definition
| Hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease |
|
|
Term
| Most common clinically presenting STD |
|
Definition
| Chlamydia (usually with gonorrhea too) |
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of SIADH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common site of diverticula |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common sites of atherosclerosis |
|
Definition
| Abdominal aorta > coronaries > popliteal > carotid |
|
|
Term
| Most common type of stomach cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stomach ulcerations with high gastrin levels |
|
Definition
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
(gastrinoma of duodenum or pancreas) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Follicular lymphoma
(BCL2 activation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Burkitt's lymphoma
(C-MYC activation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Philadelphia chromosome, CML
(BCR-ABL fusion) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of opthalmic artery
Polymyalgia Rheumatica |
|
|
Term
| Most common testicular tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common thyroid cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common tumor in women |
|
Definition
Leiomyoma
(estrogen dependent, not cancerous) |
|
|
Term
| Most common tumor of infancy |
|
Definition
hemangioma
(usually regress by childhood) |
|
|
Term
| Most common tumor of the adrenal medulla in adults |
|
Definition
Pheochromocytoma
(usually benign) |
|
|
Term
| Most common tumor of the adrenal medulla in kids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Most common type of hodgkin's lymphoma
(name the others) |
|
Definition
Nodular sclerosis
(others: mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominant, lymphocytic depleted) |
|
|
Term
| Most common type of Non-hodgkin's lymphoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common causes of UTIs |
|
Definition
E. Coli
Staph Saprophyticus in young women |
|
|
Term
| Viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common vitamin deficiency in US |
|
Definition
Folic acid
pregnant women at high risk (prevents neural tube defects)
body stores only last 3-4 months |
|
|
