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Details Title: Statistics Description: Math1308 Total Flash Cards: 28 Created: 04/10/2005 18:31:08	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term double blind Definition when the patient and experimenter both do not know if they got a placebo or the treatment Term confounder Definition third variable Term method of comparison Definition comparing a control group and a treatment group Term treatment group Definition group receiving treatment Term control group Definition group doesnt recevie treatment Term placebo Definition A placebo is an inactive treatment or procedure Term observational study Definition study where investigators do not assign control and treatment groups Term association Definition one thing is linked to another Term histogram Definition A histogram is a way of summarising data that are measured on an interval scale (either discrete or continuous). Term density scale Definition the height each block equals the percentage of cases in the corresponding class interval Term variable Definition the characteristics of a person in a study Term discrete Definition A set of data is said to be discrete if the values / observations belonging to it are distinct and separate, i.e. they can be counted Term continuous Definition A set of data is said to be continuous if the values / observations belonging to it may take on any value within a finite or infinite interval. Term cross-tabulation Definition sometimes confounding factor is controlled by this. Term average Definition The sum of a set of numbers divided by the number of addends Term standard deviation Definition The standard deviation is a measure of how spread out your data are. Term median Definition The median is the value so that roughly half of the data are smaller and roughly half of the data are larger. Term chance error Definition Chance error determines how far away from the true value a sample value is likely to be based on natural variation Term bias Definition Bias is a term which refers to how far the average statistic lies from the parameter it is estimating, that is, the error which arises when estimating a quantity. Errors from chance will cancel each other out in the long run, those from bias will not. Term systematic error Definition an error that is not determined by chance but is introduced by an inaccuracy (as of observation or measurement) inherent in the system Term outliers Definition An outlier is an observation in a data set which is far removed in value from the others in the data set. It is an unusually large or an unusually small value compared to the others. Term normal distribution Definition The normal distribution is pattern for the distribution of a set of data which follows a bell shaped curve