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Sound and Light
Definitions
26
Science
7th Grade
10/04/2009

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Term
Wave
Definition
A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place
Term
Energy
Definition
The ability to do work
Term
Medium
Definition
The material through which a wave travels
Term
Mechanical Wave
Definition
A wave that requires a medium through which to travel
Term
Vibration
Definition
A repeated back and forth or up and down motion
Term
Transverse Wave
Definition
A wave that moves the medium in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels.
Term
Crest
Definition
The highest part of a transverse wave
Term
Trough
Definition
The lowest part of a transverse wave
Term
Longitudinal Wave
Definition
A wave that moves the medium in a direction parallel to the direction in which the wave travels
Term
Compression
Definition
The part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together
Term
Rarefaction
Definition
The part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are far apart
Term
Amplitude
Definition
The maximum distance the particles of a medium move away from their rest positions as a wave passes through the medium
Term
Wavelength
Definition
The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave
Term
Frequency
Definition
The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time
Term
Hertz
Definition
Unit of measurement for frequency
Term
Reflection
Definition
The bouncing back of an object or a wave when it hits a surface through which it cannot pass
Term
Law of Reflection
Definition
The rule that the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence
Term
Refraction
Definition
The bending of waves as they enter a new medium at an angle
Term
Diffraction
Definition
The bending of waves as they move around a barrier or pass through an opening
Term
Interference
Definition
The interaction between waves that meet
Term
Constructive Interference
Definition
The interference that occurs when waves combine to make a wave with a larger amplitude
Term
Destructive Interference
Definition
The interference that occurs when two waves combine to make a wave with a smaller amplitude
Term
Standing Wave
Definition
A wave that appears to stand in one place even though it is really two waves interfering as they pass through each other
Term
Node
Definition
A point of zero amplitude on a standing wave
Term
Antinode
Definition
A point of maximum amplitude on a standing wave
Term
Resonance
Definition
The increase in the amplitude of a vibration that occurs when external vibrations match an object's natural frequency.
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