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sophomore final bio exam review
nucleic acids and protein synthesis
20
Biology
10th Grade
01/09/2015

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Term
amino acid
Definition
is the monomer (building block) of protein
Term
Arginine
Definition
one of the three examples of amino acids (starts with a)
Term
base
Definition
Term
chromosome
Definition
two daughters cells bonded by a centromere
Term
codon
Definition
set of three bases found on MRNA. matches with anticodon
Term
DNA
Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid
heredity material passed down from one generation to the next during reproduction
Term
double helix
Definition
connected by hydrogen bonds between two nitrogen bases
Term
gene
Definition
part of the DNA with information on it
Term
glucose
Definition
type of organic compound, and simple sugar
Term
glycine
Definition
amino acide
Term
mRNA
Definition
(messenger RNA)
is attached to ribosome
Term
nucleic acid
Definition
contain Carbon Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Phosphate
Term
nucleotide
Definition
the polymer that makes up nucleic acid
Term
phosphate
Definition
Term
protein synthesis
Definition
RNA is directly involved in the process. makes proteins
Term
replication
Definition
occurs during the S phase. makes matches and corrected new strands of DNA
Term
rRNA
Definition
Term
transcription
Definition
takes place in the nucleus
means to copy
Term
translation
Definition
takes place in the cytoplasm
uses RNA codes to make protein
Term
tRNA
Definition
(transfer) RNA
matches it anticodons with its correct codon on a strand of mRNA
has a set of three bases on it (the anticodon)
for each one there is 20 different amino acids 
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