Term
|
Definition
thick, dark colored, high base saturation, strong structure. Does
not become hard
and massive
when dry. soft, high pH and OM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thick and dark,
but too low in base
saturation to be
mollic. Otherwise,
shares all other
characteristics
with a mollic
epipedon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
too light colored, low organic content or thin to be mollic, may become massive and hard when dry. light colored surface layer.
Probably the dominant epipedon on 90%
of Virginia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
has
20 to 40 cm of
saturated cm of organic soil materials. wet during some part of year usually in marshes and swamps. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick, black, high in organic matter, common in volcanic ash soils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Highly leached and weathered, light colored, clay and Fe and Al oxides mostly removed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Illuvial high charge clay, most common subsoil, silicate clay accumulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Weak color/structure B, second most common, clay accumulation, changed or altered by physical movement or by chemical reactions, generally non illuvial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Illuvial Fe/Al+humus, organic matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Completely weathered down
to Fe + Al oxy-hydroxides – tropical, non sticky type silicate clays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dominantly dense,
brittle, root- and waterlimiting
layers that are
common in many
different geomorphic
settings of transported
material. Water and
roots flow/grow only in
a few vertical
macropores between
prism structures, usually loam textured, course prisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cold soils with shallow permafrost;
or deep permafrost plus frequent
frost churning (cryoturbation). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soils with a thick (40 cm or more of
the top 80 cm) layer of organic soil
materials. Requires high OM
inputs and generally cold or wet to
inhibit OM decomposition. No
andic properties. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coniferous/ericaceous acidic forest
soils in sandy parent materials with
Spodic horizons (Bh or Bhs). Can
also be wet sandy soils in coastal
regions. No andic properties. Fe, Al osides and humus accumulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soils formed from volcanic ash.
High in allophane and CEC, low in
density. Must have andic soil
properties. Allophane fixes high
amounts of P. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Highly weathered tropical soils
dominated by Fe+Al oxides and
virtually no weatherable minerals left |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soils with high shrink/swell clay
content in the upper 50 cm and that
crack open regularly to form
slickensides. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dry soils with a dry moisture
regime (< 90 days moist) and
accumulation of a secondary
mineral. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Highly weathered forest soils with an
argillic/kandic horizons (Bt) and low
subsoil pH and Base Sat. (< 35%) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soils of the prairies with high > 50% base
saturation throughout. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Moderately weathered forest soils with
an argillic horizon (Bt) but moderate
subsoil pH and Base Saturation
(high Ca + Mg and Low in Al) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soils with a weak diagnostic B
horizon (such as a Bw [Cambic]) or
a diagnostic epipedon other than
Ochric, or other weak diagnostic
characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soils without diagnostic B
horizons or characteristics and
without any epipedon except
Ochric. Development is limited
by the soil forming factors such
as time, climate, P.M., etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wet at surface in growing
season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moist most of growing season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Signficant periods of drought |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dry in the growing season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prounounced wet/dry
Mediterranean type climate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rare freezes, can grow citrus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Long growing season, can grow
cotton, loblolly but not citrus commercially |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Moderate growing season, can grow
corn but not those crops listed above |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Short growing season, can grow wheat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Too cold for commercial crops |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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