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| developed "looking glass self" |
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| self image that we have of ourselves |
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| 3 stages of "looking glass self" |
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1. Our imagination of how we appear to others
2. Our imagination of their judgment of our appearance (not just physical)
3. Some sort of self-pride, etc. |
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| coined the phrase "definition of situation" |
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| Those to whom we refer but do not belong, those groups whose judgments are important to us |
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Term
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Definition
1. Self is simply an organization of particular attitudes of other individuals because the sphere of influence is small in early years
2. Has organization of attitudes of "generalized others" (an individuals total impression of the judgments and expectations that others have towards him or her or towards another) |
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Definition
| Taking on a role that one does not actually hold |
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| Playing the actual role that you have |
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Term
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Definition
1. Preparatory stage-between the ages of 1 and 3, child imitates adult roles without any real understanding of roles
2. Play stage- ages 3-4, children have some understanding of roles/behavior but they switch roles without any predictability
3. Game stage- 4 and 5 years old, child's behavior becomes purposeful, goal directed |
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Definition
| instinctive desires, unsocialized, selfish and antisocial |
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Definition
| The conscious and rational part of the self, which oversees the restraints of the id by the superego |
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Definition
| Complex of social ideals and values which we all have internalized, forms the basis of our conscious |
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| German, wrote first article on social groups, became a docent to lecture at university |
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| 2 individuals, smallest group |
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Term
| anticipatory socialization |
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Definition
| socially internalize for some future goal you have in mind |
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Term
| Holistic school of thought |
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Definition
| the group is most important aspect of social life |
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| Elementarist school of thought |
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Definition
| interested in the study of the individual |
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Term
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Definition
| Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft |
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| community, based on intimacy of beliefs and sentiments |
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| economy, group is held together by economic ties rather than community ties |
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| ongoing face-to-face interaction, permanent, ties of affection among members |
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| task-oriented relationships, working for a corporation |
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| people ignore the truth in order to retain consensus, develops in a small group |
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| hierarchal systems where formalities pervade the entire system, factories corporations, governmental bureaucracies |
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| the entire society, network of relationships between individuals and groups which binds them into society |
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| Book: Formal Organizations, any social unit that has been deliberately organized for the specific purpose of reaching a certain goal |
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| Societal integration organizations |
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Definition
| interdependence of groups, groups overlap |
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Term
| Economic production organizations |
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Definition
| add value to products, or provide some sort of service |
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Term
| Political power organizations |
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Definition
| those which influence a location and operation of political power, include political parties, lobbyists, political fundraising organizations |
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| Pattern maintenance organizations |
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Definition
| those which transmit culture from one generation to the next, stabilizing culture to some extent |
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| run by volunteers, function: provide outlet for individual interests, becomes the basis for testing social programs |
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Term
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Definition
1. Normative, deals with a set of norms which may be written or unwritten, formal or informal
2. Personnel- held together by personal relationships |
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Definition
| authoritative power is highly centralized |
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| bifurcation of allegiance |
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Definition
| allegiance towards bureaucracy and allegiance towards client |
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Definition
| When professionalization of bureaucracy occurs, it takes on a different dimension- bureaucrats follow rules of bureaucracy, professionals are guided by ethics |
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| Cosmopolitan professional |
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Definition
| Well known and influential professional |
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| group of non-elected officials within a government or other institution that implements the rules laws, ideas and functions of their institution |
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Definition
| burden of proof required to fire a person, lies with administration |
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| Formalistic impersonality |
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Definition
| Authority is restricted to official duties |
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Term
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Definition
1. average human being dislikes work, will avoid it
2. most people must be coerced or threatened with punishment if they are to work adequately
3. average human prefers to be directed |
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| X Theory of human behavior |
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| Work is a natural human activity, people will work towards goals to which they are committed to |
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| Multi-national corporations |
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Definition
| Companies that have their operations in two or more countries |
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| Work expands to fill the time available for its completion |
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| in a hierarchy, every employee rises to his/her level of incompetence |
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