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| the type of learning in which a subject comes to respond to a neutral stimulus as he would to another stimulus by learning to associate the two stimuli. |
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| naturally occurring response |
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| the stimulus that evokes an innate response. |
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| learned or associated stimulus |
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| the learned or associated stimulus |
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| acquired when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus. |
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| the gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response. |
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| reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus returns after a period of absence. |
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| the tendency to respond to a new stimulus as if it is the original conditioned stimulus |
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| the tendency to lack a conditioned response to a new stimulus that’s similar to the original conditioned stimulus. |
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| a type of learning in which responses come to be controlled by their consequences. |
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| a device to study operant conditioning in rats. Skinner set up the boxes so that the rats could automatically get rewards or punishments for particular types of responses. |
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| delivery of a consequence that increases the likelihood that a response will occur |
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| the removal of a stimulus after a response |
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| the delivery of a consequence that decreases the likelihood that a response will occur |
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| the presentation of a stimulus after a response |
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| the removal of a stimulus after a response |
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| the presentation of a stimulus after a response |
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| a procedure in which reinforcement is used to guide a response closer and closer to a desired response |
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Definition
| the pattern in which reinforcement is given over time |
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Definition
| the gradual disappearance of a response when it stops being reinforced in operant conditioning |
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| a cue that indicates the kind of consequence that is likely to occur after a response |
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| the tendency for a response to occur only when a particular stimulus is present |
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| the tendency to respond to a new stimulus as if it’s the original discriminative stimulus |
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| the tendency for conditioning to be hindered by natural instincts |
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Definition
| the process of learning to respond in a particular way by watching others, or models |
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| conducted experiments showing that children who watched adults behaving aggressively were more likely to behave aggressively themselves |
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| the collection of characteristic thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make up a person |
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| based on Sigmund Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis and emphasize unconscious motives and the importance of childhood experiences in shaping personality |
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| contains biological impulses, is governed by the pleasure principle, and is characterized by primary process thinking |
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| manages the conflict between the id and reality. It is governed by the reality principle and is characterized by secondary process thinking |
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| the moral component of the personality |
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| an inability to progress normally from one developmental stage to another. |
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| explanations of personality focus on learning |
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| theories that emphasize subjective viewpoints when studying personality. They have an optimistic view that focuses on humans’ rationality, consciousness, and freedom. |
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Definition
| Diagnostic Statistical Manual-classification of disorder |
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Definition
| enduring pattern of percieving to relating to and thinking is inflexible and maladaptive causes dysfunction or distress |
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| borderline personality D.O. |
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Definition
| lack of sense of self, erratic personal behaviors |
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| antisocial personality d.o. |
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Definition
| against and ciolates social norms and others rights, lack of remorse |
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Definition
| (multiple personality) associated with early often trauma, splitting of personality into two or more personalities |
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"split from reality"
positive/added -phsychotic symptions= hallucinations, delusions
negative/taken away-flat effect, avolition-not finding pleasure in things
disorganized symptoms-frozen movement, agitated movement |
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| major depression d.o., bi-polar disorder |
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| at least 2 weeks, 5+ symptoms, know the rest |
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major depressive episodes, manic episodes, elated mood, erratic activity |
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generalized anxiety d.o.-worry about a number of different things
phobias
OCD
PTSD |
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| belief about how change occurs, humanistic, psychodynamic, cognitive, behavior, eclectic approach |
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| get compliance with a small request more likely to say yes to larger request |
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thoughts/values contradict actions resulting in personal discomfort
to reduce discomfort people might change behacior, attitude, or try to justify |
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| social norms-unwritten/non-verbal rules for behavior |
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| slacking in group/tendency to half ass, diffusion of responsibility |
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| less likely to help someone if there are many bystanders |
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| asch's line study, conforming because of the majority |
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| milgram-shocked about teachers obedience |
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