Term
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Definition
our knowledge about who we are
the "me" |
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Term
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Definition
the act of thinking about ourselves
the "I" |
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Term
| the functions of the self |
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Definition
1) organizational
2) exceutive
3) emotional |
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Term
| Organization function of the self |
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Definition
self schemas
self-reference effect |
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Term
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Definition
mental structures that we use to organize our knowledge about ourselves
-it also infuleunces what we notice, think about and remember |
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Term
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Definition
you cheerlead
then you watch movie with friend
-athletic person more likely to remember cheering
dramaish person more like to remember movie |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for people to remember information better if they relate it to themselves |
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Term
| the Executive function of the self |
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Definition
| regulates peoples behaviors, choices an plans for the future |
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Term
| the emotional function of the self |
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Definition
gauge feelings
eg- shame as a moral emotion |
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Term
| self regulatory resource model |
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Definition
1) idead that people have limited amount of energy to devote to self control
2) and that spending it on 1 task can limit the amount of time spent on another task |
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Term
| example of self regulatory resource model |
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Definition
| hard to spend time with boyfriend and schoolwork/other friends |
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Term
| Independent view of the self |
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Definition
Individualist
motivated more by own desires and needs and not others decires and needs
(seen in western cultures; USA; bc we define ourselves as being separate from others) |
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Term
| Interdepence view of the self |
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Definition
collectivists
motivated more by groups desires and needs
(asian culutres - more about social groups such as family or religion) |
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Term
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Definition
women have this more
focus on their close relationships
stay in small groups- which allows for more detail |
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Term
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Definition
men have this more
they learn to be part of a larger group (dont allow for detail bc there are more people)
(ex- the fact that they are america or sports) |
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Term
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Definition
looking inward and examining your own thoughts feelings and motive
(we think about ourselves) |
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Term
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Definition
(introspection)
gave particapnts beepers
they have to write own what they were thinking at the time that the beeper went off
Results - people think about themselves suprisenly little |
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Term
| problem with introspection |
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Definition
1) people dont always rely on this source of info
2) but when people do introspect, teh reasons for their feelings and behaviors can be hidden from conscious awareness |
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Term
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Definition
thinking of and attending to oneself
(we become self conscious, objective, and judgmental observes of ourselves |
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Term
| Example of the self -awareness theory |
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Definition
women exercising on a stationary bike for 20 mins
-some women had mirrors surrounding them
-other did not
women with the mirrors liked the exerices the least because it reminded them that they didn't exercise enough |
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Term
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Definition
theories about the causes of ones own feelings and behaviors (we learn these theories from our culture)
"i'm in a bad mood, i bet the fact that i only got 6 hours of sleep had something to do with it" |
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Term
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Definition
partipants were asked to watch a film
one group watched with background noise
other group watched with no background noise
results - people who watched the film with background noise liked the film just as much as the others did |
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Term
| reason generated attitude change |
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Definition
attitude change resulting from thinking about the reasons for ones attitude
ex - things going well between you and your bf
but what comes to mind is that you guys dont have a lot in common - therefore the relationship doesn't have much of a future (RGAC) |
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Term
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Definition
| argues that when our attitudes and feelings are uncertain, we infer these states by observing our behavior and the situation in which it occurs |
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Term
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Definition
the desure to enages in an activity because they enoy it or find it interesting
--not because of external rewards or pressures
(find reading fun - not because you get prize fro reading) |
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Term
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Definition
the desire to engage in an activity because of external rewards or pressures
not because you enjoy it or find it interesting
(get a reward for reading so that is why you do it) |
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Term
| what's wrong with extrinsic motivation? |
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Definition
| The rewards (money status relief) may work but "drive; may end with reward and then overjustification may occur |
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Term
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Definition
| putting too much weight on extrinsic reasons can undermine intrinsic reasons |
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Term
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Definition
| people get rewards for doing a task, regardless of how well they do it |
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Term
| Performance contingent rewards |
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Definition
rewards depend in how well people perform the task
(get good grades= get rewards) |
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Term
| Two Factor Theory of emotion |
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Definition
2 stept self-perception process
1) first people experience physiological arousal
2) then seek appropriate explanation for it |
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Term
| Appraisal theory or emotion |
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Definition
i1) interpret valance and implication (does this event have good or bad implications)
2) determine cause |
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Term
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Definition
people learn about their own abilities and attitudes by comparing themselves to others
(look at others and compare ourselves to them - its how we make sense of ourselves) |
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Term
| Downward social comparison |
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Definition
| comparing ourslves to people who are worse than we are in a particular trait or ability (i am more well off than this person - makes me feel better) - to feel good about the self |
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Term
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Definition
comparing ourselves to people who are better at a trait of ability (movie stars, models, ect)
to find info about ourselves |
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Term
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Definition
| we use other people to understand aspects of ourselves |
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Term
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Definition
comparing ourselves to people who are better at a trait of ability (movie stars, models, ect)
to find info about ourselves |
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Term
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Definition
1) present who we are
2) present who we want others to "see" |
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Term
| 2 types of impression management strategies |
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Definition
1) Intigration
2) self handicapping |
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Term
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Definition
| using flattery or praise to make yourself likable to others |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to focus on the present positive info about oneself and minimize the negative info |
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