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Social Psychology
Prosocial Behavior, Aggression, Attraction
68
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
12/17/2008

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Term
Predatory Aggression
Definition
the natural aggression that arises from being predatory in nature. Emotionless, planned, purposeful .
Term
Maternal Aggression
Definition
Towards an aggressor that is instrumental in protecting a child
Term
Inter-Male aggression
Definition
Male on male, sexual usually
Term
Sex Related Aggression
Definition
Instrumental in obtaining sexual partners. Uniquely human
Term
Irritable Aggression
Definition
displacement of aggression.
Term
Direct Aggression
Definition
Immediately received by the target
Term
Indirect Aggression
Definition
Unbeknownst to target. I.E. Rumors, talkin’ behind someone’s back, usw
Term
Emotional Aggression
Definition
Aggression intended to emotionally damage the target
Term
Instrumental Aggression
Definition
Doin’ it to get something.
Term
Instincts
Definition
arise from predatory evolution
Term
Thanatos
Definition
A primitive impulse for destruction, decay, and death, postulated by Sigmund Freud as coexisting with and opposing the life instinct
Term
Fighting Instinct
Definition
pick fights to alleviate aggression. Basically thanatos
Term
Evolutionary Psychology
Definition
Behavior works towards the genetic survival of a clan, but we can inhibit our aggression in order to appropriately work with others. Accounts for inhibition towards genetically related others
Term
Lymbic System
Definition
hippocampus and amygdala, present in all animals. Prefrontal corex inhibits the emotions that are produced here (base emotions, i.e. aggression)
Term
Genes
Definition
heritable trait
Term
Serotonin
Definition
low levels of serotonin associate w/ high aggression. Retrains impulsive aggression. Boost serotonin, dampen aggression
Term
Limitations of Biological Theory
Definition
explain varying situational factors
Term
Egoistic Deprivation
Definition
Unfavorable social position
Term
Fraternal Deprivation
Definition
Unfavorable comparison to others “you’re just normally retarded.”
Term
Pain
Definition
More likely to aggress if in pain
Term
Provocation
Definition
More likely to aggress is provoked
Term
Heightened Arousal
Definition
Excitation Transfer Theory. More likely to aggress if aroused
Term
Environmental Cues
Definition
Items can arouse aggression
Term
Temperature
Definition
More likely to aggress in hot weather
Term
Crowding
Definition
When the population density is too high, people are more likely to aggress
Term
Alcohol
Definition
consumption reduces inhibition, thusly increases aggression
Term
Hostile Attribution Bias
Definition
likely to see others intentions and actions as hostile
Term
Type A Personality
Definition
competitiveness, tie urgency, hostility, irritable
Term
Big 5
Definition
dimensions often apearant in individuals behavior. Agreeableness, emotional stability, self esteem, sensation seeking (low ss = low agg)
Term
Self Esteem
Definition
High self esteem = high aggression
Term
Narcissism
Definition
High narcissism = high aggression, don’t take criticism well
Term
Senstion seeking
Definition
high sensation seeking = high aggression, constant need for stimulation
Term
Gender Differences
Definition
Amount is similar, types are different (male: direct, female: indirect)
Term
Cognitive Apprasials
Definition
Split second decisions. Result from mood, experience, and schematic memories
Term
Scripts
Definition
“how shit goes down.”
Term
Ecology
Definition
Availably of resources and population size. Aggress when resources are low.
Term
Overload Hypothesis
Definition
When more of a persons’ cognitive pool is being utilized, that individual is more likely to aggress
Term
WPA; Obstructionism
Definition
Intentionally keeping a person from achieving their goals
Term
Catharsis
Definition
expressing aggression in a relatively safe way will reduce tendencies to engage in aggressive acts.
Term
Stress
Definition
response to events that disrupt or threaten our psychological functioning
Term
Cognitive Intervention
Definition
Interviening pre-attribution in order to disrupt harmful thoughts that will later lead to aggression
Term
Excitation Transfer Theory
Definition
Aggressive excitation from one incident can transfer onto another, resulting in displaced emotions
Term
WPA; Civillity
Definition
low intensity deviant behavior w/ ambiguous intent to harm
Term
WPA; Overt
Definition
Shootin' up da place, or other overt forms of aggression directed at coworkers (maybe punchin' them in the head!)
Term
Cognitive neoassociation Analysis
Definition
Deliberate, Thoughtful consideration of situation can influence aggression. Can be reduced by mitigating info. Hostile attribution bias.
Term
TASS Model
Definition
Traits as situation senstivities model. A view suggesting that many personality traits function in a threshold-like manner, influencing behavior only when situations evoke them
Term
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
Definition
suggests that frustration is a powerful determinant of aggression
Term
Social Learning Theory of Aggression
Definition
Learning the benefits of aggression through social learning
Term
Generall Affective Aggression Model
Definition
suggests that frustration is triggered by a wide range of variables that influence arousal, affective stages, and cognitions
Term
Prosocial Behavior
Definition
any act intended to benifit another person (regardless of motive)
Term
Benevolence
Definition
Benefits another intentionally with no external reward
Term
Pure Altruism
Definition
Benefits another intentionally with no external or internal reward
Term
Moral integrity
Definition
abiding by your own moral code. Altruism
Term
moral hypocrisy
Definition
not doing what you say, or doing good things simply for your own benifit. Egoism
Term
reciprocity norms
Definition
Even animals will help non-relatives if they live in close proximity and can better survive by sharing.
Term
negative state relief
Definition
We help others in order to rectify the bad moods we feel within ourselves.
Term
competative altruism
Definition
covert altruism with a secret motive. The prisoner’s dilemma.
Term
empathetic joy hypothesis
Definition
helpers respond to needs of victim because they want to accomplish something, and doing so is rewarding in and of itself.
Term
empathy-altruism hypothesis
Definition
some prosocial acts are motivated solely by the desire to help someone in need.
Term
social-responsibility norm
Definition
people should help those who need their assistance
Term
medical model of helping
Definition
Not responsible for problem or solution
Term
enlightenment model of helping
Definition
responsible for problem, but not solution
Term
moral model of helping
Definition
responsible for both problem and solution
Term
compensatory model of helping
Definition
not responsible for problem, but for solution
Term
deciding to help
Definition
1- attend to situation.
2 – interpret situation.
3 – assume responsibility.
4 – assess ability to take action. 5 – decide whether to act
Term
pluralistic ignorance
Definition
because bystanders don’t respond to emergency we assume nobody knows what is happening, and everyone depends on someone else to interpret situation.
Term
diffusion of responsibility
Definition
greater the number of bystanders, the less likely someone is to receive help. Assume someone else’ll do it.
Term
kin selection-inclusive fitness
Definition
more likely to help people to whom we are genetically related, and are closer to reproductive age.
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