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Physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm |
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Aggression driven by anger and perfromed as an end in itself
(Also called AFFECTIVE AGGRESSION) |
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| Aggression that is a means to some other end |
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| An innate unlearned behavior pattern exhibited by all members of a species |
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| Frustration-Aggression Theory |
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| The theory that frustration triggers a readiness to aggress |
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| The blocking of goal-directed behavior |
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| The redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration. Generally, the new target is a safer or more socially acceptable target. |
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| The perception that one is less well off than others with whom one compares oneself |
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| The theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded and punished. |
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Emotional release. The catharsis view of aggression is that aggressive drive is reduced when one "releases" aggressive energy, either by acting aggressively or by fantasizing aggression. |
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| Positive, constructive, helpful social behavior; the opposite of antisocial behavior |
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| Culturally provided mental instructions for how to act in various situations |
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| A motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing, positive interactions. |
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| The tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more or rated more positively after the rater has been repeatedly exposed to them |
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| The tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a "good match" in attractiveness and other traits. |
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| Physical - Attractiveness Stereotype |
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| The presumption that physically attractive people possess other socially desirable traits as well. |
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The popularly supposed tendcy, in a relationship between two people, for each to complete what is missing in the other. |
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| THe use of strategies, such as flattery, by which people seek to gain another's favor. |
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| Reward Theory of Attraction |
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| THe theory that we like those whose behavior is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events. |
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| Two-Factor Theory of Emotion |
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| Arousal x its label = emotion |
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A state of intense longing for union with another.
Passionate lovers are absorbed in each other, feel ecsatic at attaining their partner's love, and are disconsolate on losing it. |
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| The affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwined |
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| Attachments rooted in trust and marked by intimacy |
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Preoccupied Attachment
(Anxious - Ambivalent) |
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| Attachements marked by a sense of one's own unworthiness and anxiety, ambivalence, and possessiveness. |
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| An avoidant relationship style marked by distrust of others |
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| An avoidant relationship style marked by a fear of rejection |
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| A condition in which the outcomes people receive from a relationship are proportional to what they contribute to it. |
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| A motive to increase another's welfare without conscious regard for one's self-interest |
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| The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one's rewards and minimize one's costs. |
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| A motive to increase one's own welfare. |
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| An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them. |
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| The mutual support and cooperation enabled by a social network. |
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| The idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one's close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes |
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| putting oneself in another's shoes |
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Door - In - The - Face
Technique |
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| A strategy for gaining a concession. After someone first turns down a large request, the same requester with a more reasonable request. |
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| The result of bribing people to do what they already like doing. |
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| A situation in which the conflicting parties, b each rationally pursuing its self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior |
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| Games in which outcomes need not sum to zeo. |
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| Reciprocal views of each other often held by parties in conflict |
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Contact on an equal basis.
Just as a relationship between two people of unequal status breeds attitudes consistent with their relationship, so do relationships between those of equal status. |
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A shared goal that necessitates cooperative effort.
A goal that overrides people's differences from one another. |
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| Resolution of a conflict by a neutral third party who studies both sides and imposes a settlement |
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"Graduated and Reciprocation Initiatives in Tension Reduction" -a strategy designed to de-escalate international tensions. |
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