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Definition
| The basic motive to seek and maintain interpersonal relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| In attraction research, the physical closeness between two individuals with respect to where they live, where they sit in a classroom, where they work, etc. The smaller the physical distance, the greater the probability that the two people will come into repeated contact experiencing repeated exposure to one another, positive affect, and the development of mutual attraction. |
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Definition
| Zajonc's finding that frequent contact with any mildly negative, neutral or positive stimulus results in an increasingly positive evaluation of that stimulus. |
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Definition
| The combination of characteristics that are evaluated as beautiful or handsome at the positive extreme and as unattractive at the negative extreme |
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Term
| appearance-rejection sensitivity |
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Definition
| From time to time, these people worry about their appearance and fear that others may snub them because they don't quite measure up on this dimension |
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Term
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Definition
| The extent to which two individuals share the same attitudes. |
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Term
| similarity-dissimilarity effect |
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Definition
| The consistent finding that people respond positively to indications that another person is similar to themselves and negatively to indications that another person is dissimilar from themselves |
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Definition
| The number of specific indicators that two people are similar divided by the number of specific indicators that two people are similar plus the number of specific indicators that they are dissimilar. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rosenbaums provocative proposal that attraction is not increased by similar attitudes but is simply decreased by dissimilar attitudes. Hypothesis incorrect as states, but is true that dissimilar attitudes tend to have negative effects that are stronger than positive effects of similar attitudes |
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Term
| 3 relationships for the formulations of Heider and of Newcomb |
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Definition
| 1. an individuals liking for another person, 2. their attitude about a given topic, 3. the other person's attitude about the same topic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Balance (liking plus agreement) results in a positive emotional state. Imbalance (liking plus disagreement) results in a negative state and a desire to restore balance. Nonbalance (disliking plus either agree/disagree) leads to indifference. |
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Definition
| Festinger (1954) suggested that people compare themselves to others because, for many domains and attributes, there is no objective yardstick with which to evaluate the self, so we compare ourselves to others to gain this information |
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Definition
| Any physical characteristic of behavioural tendency that enhances the odds of reproductive success for an individual or for other individuals with similar genes |
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Definition
| Refers to a personal relationship based on hatred and malice in which one person wished to produce another person's downfall and attempts to sabotage that person's life progress |
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Definition
| Refers to an interpersonal association in which two people influence each others' lives. They often focus their thoughts on one another and regularly engage in joint activities. |
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Term
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Definition
| The degree of security experienced in interpersonal relationships. Differential styles initially develop in the interactions between infant and caregiver when the infant acquires basic attitudes about self-worth and interpersonal trust. |
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Term
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Definition
| An attitude dimension underlying attachment styles that involves the belief that other people are generally trustworthy, dependable and reliable as opposed to untrustworthy, undependable, unreliable. Most successful and most desirable attachment style. |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of attachment styles? |
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Definition
-secure
-fearful-avoidant
-preoccupied
-dismissing |
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Term
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Definition
| A style characterized by high self-esteem and high interpersonal trust. This is the most desirable attachment style. |
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Term
| fearful-avoidant attachment style |
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Definition
| A style characterized by low self-esteem and low interpersonal trust. This is the most insecure and lease adaptive attachment style. |
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Term
| preoccupied attachment style |
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Definition
| A style characterized by low self-esteem and high interpersonal trust. This is a conflicted and somewhat insecure style in which individual strongly desires a close relationship but feels that he or she is unworthy of the partner and thus vulnerable to being rejected |
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Term
| dismissing attachment style |
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Definition
| A style characterized by a high self-esteem adn low interpersonal trust. This is a conflicted and somewhat insecure style in which the individual feels that he/she deserves a close relationship but is frustrated because of the mistrust of potential partners. The result is the tendency to reject the other person at some point in the relationship to avoid being the one who is rejected. |
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Term
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Definition
| A relationship in which two people spend a great deal of time together, interact in a variety of situations and provide mutual emotional support. |
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Term
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Definition
| The unpleasant emotional and cognitive state based on desiring close relationships but being unable to attain them. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the left and right sides of the body (or parts of the body) are the same. |
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Term
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Definition
| A combination of emotions, cognitions, and behaviors that often play a crucial role in intimate relationships. |
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Term
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Definition
| An intense and often unrealistic emotional response to another person. When this emotion is experienced, it is usually perceived as an indication of true love, but to outside observers is appears to be infatuation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Love felt bu one person for another who does not feel love in return. |
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Term
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Definition
| Love that is based on friendship, mutual attraction, shared interests, respect, and concern for one another's welfare. |
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Term
| Sternberg's Triangular Model of Love |
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Definition
-Liking = Intimacy alone
-Companionate Love = Intimacy + Commitment
-Romantic Love = Intimacy + Passion
-Infatuation = Passion alone
-Empty Love = Decision/Commitment alone
-Fatuous Love = Passion + Commitment
-Consummate Love = Intimacy + Passion + Commitment. |
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Term
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Definition
| In Sternberg's triangular model of love, the closeness felt by two people - the extent to which they are bonded |
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Term
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Definition
| In Sternberg's triangular model of love, the sexual motives and sexual excitement associated with a couples relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| In Sternberg's model of love, these are the cognitive processes involved in deciding that you love another person and are committed to maintain the relationship. |
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Term
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Definition
| In Sternberg's model of love, a complete and ideal love that combines intimacy, passion, and decision. |
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Term
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Definition
| The extend to which two people believe they are similar |
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Term
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Definition
| A personality disposition characterized by unreasonably high self-esteem, a feeling of superiority, a need for admiration, sensitively to criticism, a lack of empathy, and exploitative behaviour. |
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Term
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Definition
| Efforts by one or more individuals to change the attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, or behaviours of one or more others. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of social influence in which individuals change their attitudes or behaviour to adhere to existing social norms. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of social influence involving direct requests from one person to another |
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Term
| symbolic social influence |
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Definition
| Social influence resulting from the mental representation of others or out relationships with them. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of social influence in which one person simply orders on or more others to perform some action(s). |
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Term
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Definition
| Rules indicating how individuals are expected to behave in specific situations |
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Term
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Definition
| The apparent movement of a single, stationary source of light in a dark room. Often used to study the emergence of social norms and social influence |
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Term
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Definition
| The extent to which we are attracted to a social group and want to belong to it |
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Term
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Definition
| Norms simply indicating what most people do in a given situation |
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Term
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Definition
| Norms specifying what ought to be done; what is approved or disapproved behavior in a given situation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A theory suggesting that norms will influence behaviour only to the extent that they are focal for the people involved at the time the behaviour occurs. |
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Term
| normative social influence |
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Definition
Social influence based on the desire to be loved or accepted by other people @font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }@font-face { font-family: "Courier New"; }@font-face { font-family: "Wingdings"; }@font-face { font-family: "Calibri"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; }table.MsoNormalTable { font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.ListParagraph, li.ListParagraph, div.ListParagraph { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }ol { margin-bottom: 0in; }ul { margin-bottom: 0in; }
- “Going along to get along”
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Term
| informational social influence |
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Definition
| Social influence based on the desire to be correct (i.e., to possess accurate perceptions of the social world). |
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Term
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Definition
| The need to be distinguishable from others in some respects |
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Term
| foot-in-the-door technique |
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Definition
| A procedure for gaining compliance in which requesters begin with a small request and then, when this is granted, escalate to a larger one (the one they actually desired all along). |
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Term
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Definition
| A technique for gaining compliance in which an offer or deal is changed to make is less attractive ot the target person after this person has accepted it. |
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Term
| foot-in-the-face technique |
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Definition
| A procedure for gaining compliance in which requesters begin with large request and then, when this is refused, retreat to a smaller one (the one they actually desired all along). |
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Term
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Definition
| A technique for gaining compliance in which requesters offer additional benefits to target people before they have decided whether to comply with or reject specific requests. |
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Term
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Definition
| A technique that can be used for increasing compliance by suggesting that a person or object is scarce and hard to obtain. |
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Term
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Definition
| A technique for increasing compliance in which target people are told that they have only limited time to take advantage of some offer or to obtain some items. |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions by individuals that help others with no immediate benefit to the helper |
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Term
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Definition
| Emotionally reactions that are focused on or oriented toward other people and include feelings of compassion, sympathy, and concern |
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Term
| negative state-relief model |
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Definition
| The proposal that prosocial behaviour is motivated by the bystander's desire to reduce his or her own uncomfortable negative emotions or feelings |
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Term
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Definition
1.notice the event
2.correctly interpreting meaning of event
3.take personal responsibility to help
4.deciding how to help/what to do
5. making final decision to provide help |
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