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Definition
| unchanging human nature, fear and doubt out other systems |
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Term
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Definition
| process of confriming and conforming to a set of princples or beliefs |
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Definition
| includes income,occupation status, education, lifestyle |
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Term
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| amount of money acquired by an individual or family at a particular time |
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Definition
| includes the assets passed down through generations |
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Term
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| econmically a grouping of people who share roughly similar incomes, wealth, occupations, levels of education |
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Term
| Tenets Of the American Dream |
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Definition
Who: Everyone may pursue there dreams
What: one may resonably anticapate success
How: sucess results from actions and attitudes within ones control
why: pursuit of success is worth while because success is associated with virtue, failure, is associated with absence of virtue or sin |
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Term
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Definition
1- the poor refuse to work
2-persistent welfare dependency
3-the poor get special advantages
4- welfare is an african american and hispanic program |
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Term
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Definition
greatest amount of federal aid goes to non poor
-federal funds for human resources
-tax expenditures
- direct subsides/credit to opporations and other types of business industries
-ONLY 2-3% federal budget goes to welfare |
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Term
| Postive Functions of the underserving poor |
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Definition
the poor serve certain functions in our society, and poverty is benefical to certain groups
-intrest groups
-institutions
-moderate income and wealthy |
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Term
Impoverished people who are labeled as undeserving serve a number of functions in our society
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Definition
-job creation and doing the dirty work
-scapegoating and displacement
-economic banishment/ reserve army of labor
-norm reinforcement
-supplying popular cultural villians
-saptial purification |
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Term
| Five national trends in education |
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Definition
1-increase in tuition
2-federal and state financial aid to students has not kept pace with increases in tuition
3-more studernt/families at all income levels are borrowing more than ever to pay for college
4-steepest increases in public college tuition have been imposed during times of the greatest economic hardship
5-state finanicaial suppourt for colleges has increased but states have also taken on a higher finacial responsbiltys for other things |
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Term
| Reasons of inequality in education |
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Definition
-social darwinism
-dysfunctional familes
-unmotivated students
-culture of poverty
-learning expectaions
influenced by sex/gender |
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Term
| Structural reasons for inquality in education |
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Definition
-finances
-curriculum
-segeregation
-personel
-gendered socialization |
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Term
| Family economic resorces related to educational inequality |
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Definition
| poor children less likely to recived prenatal care, also inadequate nutrition, medical care,safe enviroment,extra educational experiences. |
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Term
| Curriculum contributes to inquality in education |
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Definition
-US schools essentially middle and upper class in orentiaion IE languague (teach people how they are suppoused to act if in theese classes)
-content may vary by type of school and expectations associated with educational outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
| grouping based on grades, teacher, judgements, and mainly standerdized tests |
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Term
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Definition
-superiorty/inferiority
-stigma (label of social disgrace)
-self - fufilling prophecy
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Term
| Personel related to education inquality |
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Definition
-education expectations
-qualifications of educators
-higher pupil/ teacher ratios
-teachiing for testing
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Term
| genederized socialization |
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Definition
-education steering persists at both the elemantary and high school levels
-gendered sterotypes affect performance on standerized math and science tests
-gender bias is also present in class room dynamics |
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Term
| two froms of persuasion of audience members |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| happens when one particular social problem diagonstic frame becomes the taken for granted frame for that problem, the clamims maker for this becomes the accpected autourtiy of the problem |
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Term
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Definition
| anwsers audeince members questions on what should be done about regarding a social problem/ conditon |
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Term
claims competioin in prognostic frame
(in order for a progonstic frame to work they must follow these guidlines)
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Definition
1.what is the most logical solution to diagnostic frame/ condition
2. conflicting cultural themes- what themes are being violated?
3.consequences of solutions- what must be thought about in making claims |
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Term
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Definition
| solutions that use social resoruces to repair conditions and or to encouurage or coerce individual change for example new taxes on ciggs to discourage use |
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