Term
| survival and reproduction |
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Definition
| Tasks involved in the process of social behavior, recommended by evolutionary perspective |
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Definition
| Behavior whose purpose is to harm another. |
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Definition
| aggression which occurs when people consciously decide to use aggression to achieve their goals. |
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Term
| Frustration - aggression principle |
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Definition
| people aggress when their goals are thwarted. |
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Term
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Definition
aggression that occurs when people aggress spontaneously and without premeditation.
- rarely a response to scarce resource
- a response to an unpleasant internal state, such as frustration, anger, heat or pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Not everyone is equally aggressive |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior by two or more individuals that lead to mutual benefit |
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Definition
| Behavior that benefits another without benefiting oneself |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which evolution selects for genes that cause individuals to provide benefits to their relatives |
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Term
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Definition
Behavior that benefits another with the expectation that hose benefits will be returned in the future.
- seems like cooperation extended over long periods of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| a collection of two or more people who believe they have something in common |
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Term
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Definition
| a positive or negative evaluation of another person based on their group membership |
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Term
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Definition
| a positive or negative behavior toward another person based on their group membership |
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Term
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Definition
| a human category of which a person is a member |
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Term
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Definition
| a human category if which a person is not a member |
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Term
- When people assemble in groups, their attention is naturally drawn to others and away from themselves, and thus they are less likely to abide by their own moral values. - De-individuation
- Group can diminish our sense of personal responsibility for our own actions
- Groups tend to spend most of the time talking about the common information that all members share rather than the unique information that only a few members possess. |
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Definition
| 3 reasons why the often dreadful behavior of groups would rarely be shown by individual members acting alone? |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when immersion in a group causes people to become less aware of their individual values. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when people expend less effort when in a group than alone. |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of helping strangers in an emergency situation |
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Term
| Diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| occurs when individuals feel diminished responsibility for their actions because they are surrounded by others who are acting the same way. |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for a group's initial leaning to get stronger over time |
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Term
- reproductive biology. If mistake happens, it only costs a man few sperms compared to a woman, an egg, pregnancy costs, risk of childbirth, and 9 months of another reproductive opportunities.
- reputational costs: compare playboy and sluts |
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Definition
| How women and men differ in their criteria for the selection of a mate? Describe |
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Term
Situational, Physical and Psychological factors.
- Situational: physical proximity and physiological arousal.
- Physical: appearance
- Psychological: inner qualities, similarities in education, religion, SES, etc. |
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Definition
| Factors contribute to attraction |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for liking to increase with the frequency of exposure |
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Term
- bilaterally symmetrical bodies and faces
- perfect hourglass: waist-hip ratio: 70%
- large eyes, high eyebrows, small chin
- high in estrogen - fertile and potentially have more offspring, determined by body shape.
- younger |
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Definition
| Characteristics of women that are considered attractive |
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Term
- inverted triangular body: broad shoulders with a narrow waist and hips.
- mature features, older to be more able to raise kids.
- High testosterone, |
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Definition
| Characteristics of men that are generally considered attractive |
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Term
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Definition
| an experience involving feelings of euphoria, intimacy and intense sexual attraction |
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Term
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Definition
| an experience involving affection, trust, and concern for a partner's well being. |
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Term
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Definition
| the hypothesis that people remain in relationships only as long as they perceive a favorable ratio of costs to benefits. |
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Term
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Definition
| the cost-benefit ratio that people believe they deserve or could attain in another relationship. |
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Term
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Definition
| a state of affairs in which the cost-benefit ratio of two partners are roughly equal |
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Term
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Definition
| the control of one person's behavior by another |
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Term
hedonic motive (pleasure seeking),
approval motive, and
accuracy motive |
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Definition
| Tasks involved in the social influence |
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Term
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Definition
| learning that occurs when one person observes another person being rewarded or punished |
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Term
- reward and punishment are sometimes more efficient influences on human than nonhuman behavior because people are esp. good at observational learning.
- Sometimes reward and punishment are less effective influences on human behavior |
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Definition
| Exceptions of hedonic motive |
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Term
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Definition
| a customary standard for behavior that is widely shared by members of a culture |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon whereby one person's behavior is influenced because the latter provides information about what is appropriate. |
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Term
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Definition
| the norm that people should benefit those who have benefited them |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to do what others do simply because others are doing it. |
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Term
| Door-in-the-face technique |
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Definition
| a strategy that uses reciprocating concessions to influence behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to do what authorities tell us to do simply because they tell us to do it |
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Term
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Definition
| an enduring positive or negative evaluation of an object or event |
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Term
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Definition
| an enduring piece of knowledge about an object or event |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon whereby a person's behavior is influenced by another person's behavior because the latter provides information about what is good or true. |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon that occurs when a person's attitudes or beliefs are influenced by a communication from another person. |
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Term
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Definition
| a change in attitudes or beliefs that is brought about by appeals to reason. |
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Term
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Definition
| a change in attitudes or beliefs that is brought about by appeals to habit or emotion. |
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Term
| Foot-in-the-door technique |
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Definition
| a strategy that uses a person's desire fro consistency to influence that person's behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| an unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs. |
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