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Details Title: soc. final exam Description: chapters 15-22 Total Flash Cards: 37 Created: 11/06/2005 15:25:13	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term power Definition the ability to carry out your will, even over the resistance of others Term micropolitics Definition the exercise of poweri n everyday life, such as deciding who is going to do the housework or control the TV remote Term macropolitics Definition the exercise of large-scale power, the government being the most common example Term authority Definition power that people consider legitimate, as rightly exercised over them; also called legitimate power Term coercion Definition power that people do no accept as rightly exercised over them; also called illegitimate power Term state Definition a political entity that claims monopoly on the use of violence in some particular territory; commonly known as a country Term revolution Definition armed resistance designed to overthrow and replace a government Term traditional authority Definition authority based on custom Term rational-legal authority Definition authority based on law or written rules and regulationsl also called bureaucratic authority Term charismatic authority Definition authority based on an individual's outstanding traits, which attract followers Term routinization of charisma Definition the transfer of authority from a charismastic figure to either a traditional or a rational-legal form of authority Term city-state Definition an independent city whose power radiates outward, bringing the adjacent area under its rule Term monarchy Definition a form of government headed by a king or queen Term democracy Definition a system of government in which authority derives from the people; the tern comes from two Greek words that translate literally as "power to the people" Term direct democracy Definition a form of democracy in which the eligible voters meet together to discuss issues and make their decisions Term representative democracy Definition a form of democracy in which voters elect representatives to govern and make decisions on their behalf Term citizenship Definition the concept that birth (and residence) in a country impart basic rights Term universal citizenship Definition the idea that everyone has the same bsaic rights by virtue of being born in a country (or by immigrating and becoming a naturalized citizen Term dictatorship Definition a form of government in which power has been seized by an individual Term oligarchy Definition a form of government in which power is held by a small group of indivivuals; the rule of the many by the few Term totalitarianism Definition a form of government that exerts almost total control over people Term proportional representation Definition an electoral system in which seats ina lefislature are divided according to the proportion of votes each political party recieves Term noncentrist party Definition a political party that represents marginal ideas Term centrist party Definition a political party that represents the center of political opinion Term coalition governement Definition a government in which a country's largest party aligns itself with one or more smaller parties Term voter apathy Definition indifference and inaction on the part of individuals or groups with respect to the political process Term special-interest group Definition a group of people who support a particular issue and who can be mobilized for political action Term lobbyists Definition people who influence legislation on behalf of their clients Term political action committee (PAC) Definition an organization formed by one or more special-interst groups to solicit and spend funds for the prupose of influencing legislation Term anarchy Definition a condition of lawlessness or political disorder caused by the absence or collapse of governmental authority Term pluralism Definition the diffusion of power among many interest groups that prevents any single group from gaining control of the government Term checks and balances Definition the separation of poweres among the three branches of U.S. government-lefislative, executive, and judical-so that each is able to nulligy the actions of the other two, thus preventing the domination of any single branch Term power elite Definition C. Wright Mills' term for the top people in U.S. corporations, military, and politics who make the nation's major decisions Term ruling class Definition another term for the pwer elite Term war Definition armed conflict betweennations or politically distinct groups Term dehumanization Definition the act or process of reducing people to objects that do not deserve the treatment accorded humans Term nationalism Definition a strong identity with a nation, accompanied by the desire for that nation to be dominant