Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Soc test two
chapters 6-13
42
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
04/11/2007

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
social stratification
Definition
arrangement of large social groups based on thier control over basic resources
Term
life chances
Definition
extent to which individuals have access to societal resources such as food clothing, helter education and health care
Term
caste system
Definition
peoples status is determined at birth
Term
dependency theory
Definition
belief that low-income countries have been exploited by the high-income countries
Term
income
Definition
econmic gain based on wages, slaries, income transfers and property ownership
Term
wealth
Definition
the value of a families econmic assets
Term
prestige
Definition
the respect with which a person or status position is regarded by others
Term
pink- collar occupations
Definition
low paying jobs mainly heald by women
Term
absolute poverty
Definition
economic deprivation that exists when a people do not ave the means to secure the basic necessities of life
Term
relative poverty
Definition
people can afford basic necessities but are still not able to maintain the average standard of living
Term
meritocracy
Definition
all positions are rewarded based on people's ability and credentials
Term
dominant group
Definition
group that is advantaged and has superior resources and rights in society
Term
prejudice
Definition
nagative attitude based on faulty generalizations about selected racial ethnice, or other groups
Term
racism
Definition
set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that is used to justify the superior treatment of one racial or ethnic group
Term
segregation
Definition
the spiritual and social seperation of categories of people by race, ethnicity, class, gender, and or religion
Term
hermaphrodite
Definition
a person in whom sexual differentation is ambiguous or incomplete
Term
transsexual
Definition
a person in whom the sex-related structures of the brain that define gender indentity are oppisite from the physical sex organs of the persons body
Term
transvestite
Definition
a male who lives as a woman or a female who lives as a man but does not alter the genitalia
Term
gender
Definition
the culturally and socially constructed differences between females and males found in the meanings, beliefs, and practices associated with femininity and masculininty
Term
sexism
Definition
the subordination of one sex, usually female, based on the assumed superiority of the other sex
Term
pay gap
Definition
a term used to describe the disparity between women's and men's earnings
Term
kinship
Definition
a social network of people based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption
Term
family of orientation
Definition
the family into which a person is born and in which early socialization usually takes places
Term
family of procreation
Definition
the family that a person forms by having or adopting children
Term
extended family
Definition
a family unit composed of relatives in addition to parents and children who live in the same household.
Term
nuclear family
Definition
a family composed of one or two parents and their dependent children, all of whom live apart from other relatives
Term
marriage
Definition
a legally recognized and/or socially approved arrangement between two or more individuals that carries certain rights and obligations and usually involves sexual activity
Term
monogamy
Definition
a marriage between two partner, usually a woman and a man
Term
polygamy
Definition
the concurrent marriage of a person of one sex with two or more members of the opposite sex
Term
polyandry
Definition
the concurrent marriage of one woman with two or more men
Term
polygyny
Definition
the concurrent marriage of one man with two or more women
Term
patrilineal descent
Definition
a system or tracing decent through the fathers side of the family
Term
matrilineal descent
Definition
system of tracing decent through the mothers side of the family
Term
bilateral descent
Definition
a system or tracing decent through both the mother's and father's sides of the family
Term
sociology of family
Definition
the subdiscipline of sociology that attempts to describe and explain patterns of family life and variation in family structure
Term
second shift
Definition
the domestic work that employed women perform at home after they complete their workday on the job
Term
education
Definition
the social institution respnsible for the systematic transmission of knowledge, skills, and cultural values within a formally organized structure.
Term
religion
Definition
a system of beliefs, symbols, and rituals, based on some sacred or supernatural realm, that guides human behavior, gives meanings to life, and unites believers into a community
Term
sacred
Definition
those aspects of life that are exraodinary or supernatural
Term
profane
Definition
the everyday, secular, or "worldly" aspects of life
Term
sect
Definition
a relatively small religious group that has broken away from another religious organization to renew what it views as the original version of the faith
Term
cult
Definition
a religious group with practices and teachings outide the dominant cultural and religious traditions of a society
Supporting users have an ad free experience!