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| is voluntary and spontaneous; it involves a large number of people who may violate dominant group norms and values |
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| the change that occurs in terms of public policy, culture, or social institutions over a period of time is often the result of collective behavior |
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| a relatively large number of people who are in one another’s immediate vicinity |
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| a number of people who share an interest in a specific idea or issue but who are not in one another’s immediate vicinity |
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| a highly emotional crowd whose members engage in, or are ready to engage in, violence against a specific target– a person, a category of people, or physical property |
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| violent crowd behavior that is fueled by deep-seated emotions but is not directed at one specific target |
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| a form of crowd behavior that occurs when a large number of people react to a real or perceived threat with strong emotions and self-destructive behavior |
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| nonviolent action that seeks to change a policy or law by refusing to comply with it |
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| collective behavior that takes place when people (who often are geographically separated from one another) respond to the same event the same way |
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| an unsubstantiated report on an issue or subject |
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| rumors about the personal live of individuals |
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| the attitudes and beliefs communicated by ordinary citizens to decision makers |
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| information provided by individuals or groups that have a vested interest in furthering their own cause or damaging an opposing one |
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