Term
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Definition
| experimental and control group but no pretest |
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Term
| Ways Internal Validity can be Compromised |
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Definition
1. Selection Bias: random assignment
2. History: an event takes place that alters opinion
3. Maturation: changes over sudy
4. Testing: Pre-test affecting people because they figure out what researcher is looking at |
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Term
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Definition
1. Experiments
2. Surveys
3. Field Research |
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Term
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Definition
| each question represents an operational definition. |
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Term
| Types of Survey Questions |
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Definition
Fixed Choice: Choices to choose from
Open ended: essay or written response |
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Term
Fixed Choice
advantage and disadvantage |
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Definition
Adv: Answers standardized, eaier to analyze, easier for respondent, clear answers, increase responses, useful with sensitive issues.
Disadv: Respondents could guess, get bored, want to look good and lie, get frustrated with categories, get confused with too many categories |
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Term
Open-ended
advantages and disadvantages |
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Definition
Adv: useful categories unknown, allows respondent to give detail, good with complex questions
Disadv: No standardization, presuppose ability to write, requires time and effort and so less likely to complete |
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Term
| Good Survey Question rules |
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Definition
1. Don't use leading Questions
2. Termonology should be clear and to the point.
3. No double-barrelled Questions
4. Respondent needs to be competent
5. Respondent must be willing
6. Questions must be relevant
7. Questions short
8.Avoid negative terms
9. Avoid emotion-laden term bias
10. mutually exclusive and exhausted answer categories |
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Term
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Definition
| includes themself in the activities of their subjects. Relies on good memory to write notes later |
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Term
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Definition
| Stays out of the subjects way, does not make an impact on the setting they are studying if they can help it. Frequent notes on details occur. |
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