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| Describes the type of insight offered by the discipline of sociology. |
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| Scientific study of human social behavior |
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| Comte, Spencer, Marx, Derkheim |
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| Building theory occurs easily, can be applied to practical situations. Two critical facets: model specification and statement of relationships. Alternative paradigms exist for each step. |
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| identifies 1 or more specific observable conditions/events and tells the researcher how to measure. |
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| A false relationship between two variables (A, B) |
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| Steps of the scientific method |
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| Ask a Question, do background research, construct a hypothesis, test your hypothesis by doing an experiment, analyze your data and draw a conclusion, communicate your results. |
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| Types of quantitative research |
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| Experimental Research, variable analysis, surveys, interviews |
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| Types of qualititative research |
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| Ethnography, Narrative Inquiry, Short Term Observation, Ethnomethodology, Grounded Theory, Phenomenology,Kinesics |
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| often used to indicate that 3 methods are used in study with view to double or triple checking results. Also called "cross examination" |
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| Characteristics of culture |
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| always a product of human behavior, always transmitted through learning, always gratifies human needs, always tends toward integrating a society |
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| the tendency to believe that one's ethnic or cultural group is centrally important |
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| the principle that an individual human's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual's own culture |
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| a fallacy committed, roughly speaking, when one person claims that something may be true for one person but not true for someone else |
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| Language, values, symbols. |
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| slowness in the rate of change of one part of a culture in relation to another part, |
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| a continuing process where an individual acquires personal identity and learns norms, values, behavior, and social skills appropriate to his/her social position |
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| Cooley's Looking Glass Self |
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| Social concept that states one imagines how they appear to others. One imagines the judgment that others may make regarding that appearance and One develops self-image via reflection; the judgments or critique of others. |
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| the process in adulthood of learning the practices and expectations associated with a social role or social circumstances. |
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| Stages of the sociocultural evolution |
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| vital, mental, spiritual. |
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| Parts of social structure |
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| Normative, position, proper, anticipated |
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| Factors affecting small group dynamics |
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| Small group dynamics are affected by the size of the group, people in it, and how they run their group. |
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| government characterized by specialization of functions, adherence to fixed rules, and a hierarchy of authority |
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| Problems with bureaucracies |
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| Red tape, conflict, duplication, imperialism, waste, slowness, incompetence |
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| Subjectiveness of deviance |
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| Objective realty, subjective deviance |
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| Every population thrives in an optimal range of abitoic factors. Beyond this range, one finds less and less numbers of these organisms. |
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| refers generally to societal and political mechanisms or processes that regulate individual and group behavior |
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| Types of stratification systems |
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| Slavery, caste, class main ones. |
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| an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person's work experience and of an individual's or family's economic/social position |
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| opportunities each individual has to improve their life |
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| the video we watched in class about Iowa teacher who after Dr. King tragedy divided class by eye color |
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| A NOVA documentary that talked about gender identity, including a girl in Winnipeg that was changed to a boy |
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| the expected (in the statistical sense) number of years of life remaining at a given age |
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| states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time |
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| states that older adults will usually maintain the same activities, behaviors, personalities, and relationships as they did in earlier years of life |
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| a US payroll or employment tax imposed by the federal government on both employees and employers to fund Social Security and Medicare |
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| a family group consisting of a father and mother and their children, who share living quarters |
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| family group that consists of parents, children, and other close relatives, often living in close proximity. |
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| Power and authority patterns in family |
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| Lots of patterns, depends on who is the person leading the family |
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| civil marriage and religious marriage, typically marriages employ a combination of both |
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| Theories on mate selection |
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| Mate selection is a two-way street, involving more than the preferences of a single individual. |
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| Help make a family more creative and can change its style |
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| Schools have begun to become bureaucracies in the ways that they run them. |
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| Book written by Malcolm Gladwell which examines factors contributing to high levels of success |
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