Term
|
Definition
interuterine infection of the fetus in sheep, goats, cattle
no clinical signs in the dam
transmitted through mosquitos
foreign animal disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
in pregnant ruminants have dystocia, abortion, stillbirths, premature births
congenital abnormalities depending on stage of gestation |
|
|
Term
| Akabane Virus Signs Late First Trimester |
|
Definition
calves born bright and alert
ataxia, paralyzed limbs, muscle atrophy |
|
|
Term
| Akabane Virus Signs Second Trimester |
|
Definition
| arthrogyposis, severe muscle atrophy, torticollis, scoliosis, kyphosis |
|
|
Term
| Akabane Virus Signs Late Pregnancy |
|
Definition
can stand and walk
behavioral abnormalities
skull deformities and brain is mush |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Akabane-like virus
many don't show clinical signs when infected
impacts has been low
related viruses may provide some cross protection
likely insect vector transmission but not sure
no know treatment or contorl |
|
|
Term
| Schmallengberg Virus Signs in Adults |
|
Definition
acute infection
diarrhea, fever, milk reduction
full and rapid recovery over several days
herd outbreak lasts 2-3 weeks |
|
|
Term
| Schmallengberg Virus Signs in Neonates/Fetus |
|
Definition
malformations, bent limbs, torticollis, domed skull, short lower jaw, brain and spinal cord deformities
normal outward appearance but nervous signs
dummy, blindness, ataxia, recumbency, unable to suckle, convulsions |
|
|
Term
| Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis |
|
Definition
Lentivirus that affects multiple organs
lifelong infection |
|
|
Term
| Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Signs |
|
Definition
Polyarthritis in adults
carpus arthritis and hard bag (indurative mastitis)
paraparesis in hind limbs progressing to tetraparesis and paralysis
Encephalomyelitis in kids 2-6 months old
depressed, head tilt, circling, blindness, opistotonus, torticollis, facial nerve deficits, paddling, dysphagia |
|
|
Term
| Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Transmission |
|
Definition
vertical via colostrium
horizontal via direct contact, fomites, iatrogenic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
affects sheep between 3-5 years
long incubation period
black faced sheep are more prone
transmitted from ingestion of infected placenta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fixed gaze, bruxism, fine tremors, hyperaesthesia to sound or sudden movement
exercise intolerance, progressive ataxia, intense pruritis, wool loss over hindquarters and lateral thorax
weight loss regardless of appetite, weakness, recumbency, death |
|
|
Term
| Parelaphostrongylus tenuis |
|
Definition
internal parasite of white tailed deer
brainworm/meningeal worm
endemic in Eastern North America
adult lives in subarachnoid space of deer
does not normally cause signs of disease is deer |
|
|
Term
| Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Life Cycle |
|
Definition
deer eats snail with larvae in it
larvae migrate to spinal cord
adults go into dura mater of brain
eggs migrate to lungs and hatch out larvae
larvae are coughed up and swallowed
larvae pass in feces
larvae enter snail
llamas eat snails
larvae migrate into llama spinal cord
paralysis results |
|
|
Term
| Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Pathology |
|
Definition
larvae migrate abberantly and enter spianl cord
induce inflammatory response and damage spinal cord and brain
results in neurologic deficits |
|
|
Term
| Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Signs |
|
Definition
hind-end weakenss
ataxia
reluctance/inability to stand
stiff gait
circling
abnormal head position
usually still BAR |
|
|
Term
| Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Prevalence |
|
Definition
East of Mississippi River
present in late summer through fall |
|
|
Term
| Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Prevention |
|
Definition
avermectin treatment every 4-8 weeks where white tailed deer are near
parental is better than PO |
|
|
Term
| Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Treatment |
|
Definition
5 day course of fenbendazaole of 4times the equien dose
1 dose avermectin
flunixin meglamine
prognosis is poor if non-ambulatory |
|
|
Term
| Polioencephalomalacia Causes |
|
Definition
secondary to ruminal acidosis
rations with high dietary sulfur (water, molasses, gypsum, grain)
thiamin deficiency (bracken fern)
competitive thiamine analogues |
|
|
Term
| Polioencephalomalacia Signs |
|
Definition
signs within several hours to day
detach fro herd
anorexia, staggering, blindness, hypermetric gait, excitability, diarrhea, hyperesthesia, muscle tremors
increased respiratory rate and pulse
hydrogen sulfide on breath
recumbency, convulsions, blindness, death |
|
|
Term
| Polioencephalomalacia Necropsy |
|
Definition
swollen slightly yellow cerebrum
autofluorescence of cerebral cortex under UV light |
|
|
Term
| Polioencephalomalacia Treatment |
|
Definition
remove source
Thiamin HCl
supportive care |
|
|
